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The actual data transfer process begins by the client sending a query (opcode 0) with the special query type AXFR (value 252) over the TCP connection to the server. Although DNS technically supports AXFR over User Datagram Protocol (UDP), it is considered not acceptable due to the risk of lost, or spoofed packets.
Since DNS servers are connected to a network, the Network Time Protocol can provide an accurate time source. DNS updates, like queries, are normally transported via UDP since it requires lower overhead than TCP. However, DNS servers support both UDP and TCP requests.
An application may automatically determine a suitable STUN server for communications with a particular peer by querying the Domain Name System (DNS) for the stun (for UDP) or stuns (for TCP/TLS) server resource record, e.g., _stun._udp.example.com. The standard listening port number for a STUN server is 3478 for UDP and TCP, and 5349 for TLS.
A DNS name server is a server that stores the DNS records for a domain; a DNS name server responds with answers to queries against its database. The most common types of records stored in the DNS database are for start of authority ( SOA ), IP addresses ( A and AAAA ), SMTP mail exchangers (MX), name servers (NS), pointers for reverse DNS ...
IN: standard DNS class field (this is always IN). SRV: Type of Record (this is always SRV). priority: the priority of the target host, lower value means more preferred. weight: A relative weight for records with the same priority, higher value means higher chance of getting picked. port: the TCP or UDP port on which the service is to be found.
DNS over TLS (DoT) is a network security protocol for encrypting and wrapping Domain Name System (DNS) queries and answers via the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol. The goal of the method is to increase user privacy and security by preventing eavesdropping and manipulation of DNS data via man-in-the-middle attacks .
The Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution (LLMNR) is a protocol based on the Domain Name System (DNS) packet format that allows both IPv4 and IPv6 hosts to perform name resolution for hosts on the same local link. It is included in Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 10. [1]
In computer networking, a network service is an application running at the network application layer and above, that provides data storage, manipulation, presentation, communication or other capability which is often implemented using a client–server or peer-to-peer architecture based on application layer network protocols. [1]