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Samkhya or Sankhya (/ ˈ s ɑː ŋ k j ə /; Sanskrit: सांख्य, romanized: sāṃkhya) is a dualistic orthodox school of Hindu philosophy. [1] [2] [3] It views reality as composed of two independent principles, Puruṣa ('consciousness' or spirit) and Prakṛti (nature or matter, including the human mind and emotions).
Samkhya Yoga is a term from a Hindu philosophical text, the Bhagavad Gita. Samkhya refers to the analytical approach of discerning reality through knowledge and understanding. Yoga signifies a path or discipline. In the context of the Bhagavad Gita, Samkhya Yoga refers to the path of knowledge, self-realisation, and understanding the nature of ...
Samkhya is an important pillar of Indian philosophical tradition, called shad-darshana, however, of the standard works of Samkhya only three are available at present.These are: Samkhya Sutras attributed to the founder of Samkhya, Kapila; Tattva Samasa, which some authors (Max Muller) consider prior to Samkhya Sutras, [8] and Samkhya Karika authored by Ishvara Krishna.
[78] Hindu philosophy recognises many types of Yoga, such as rāja yoga, jñāna yoga, [79] karma yoga, bhakti yoga, tantra yoga, mantra yoga, laya yoga, and hatha yoga. [80] The Yoga school builds on the Samkhya school theory that jñāna (knowledge) is a sufficient means to moksha.
Swami Hariharananda Aranya (1869–1947) was a yogi, [2] author, and founder of Kapil Math in Madhupur, India, which is the only monastery in the world that actively teaches and practices Samkhya philosophy. [3] His book, Yoga Philosophy of Patanjali with Bhasvati, is considered to be one of the most authentic and authoritative classical ...
Samkhya-Yoga believes that the Puruṣa cannot be regarded as the source of inanimate world, because an intelligent principle cannot transform itself into the unconscious world. This metaphysics is a pluralistic spiritualism, a form of realism built on the foundation of dualism. [32] Yoga-philosophy adopts the theory of Guṇa from Samkhya.
Kapila-Devahuti Samvada is the basis of Samkhya Philosophy. Shri Krishna also mentioned this concept briefly to Arjun amidst their conversation during the Mahabharata war, which has been mentioned in the Bhagavad Gita, Chapter 2, called Samkhya Yog. [49] for which Kapila is well known. Kapila-Devahuti Samvada which roughly translates to "The ...
Samkhya is a strongly dualistic [25] [26] [27] orthodox school of Indian Hindu philosophy that's ambivalent about the concept of a god. The earliest surviving authoritative text on classical Samkhya philosophy is the Samkhyakarika (c. 350–450 CE) of Iśvarakṛṣṇa.