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The Concorde TSP Solver is a program for solving the travelling salesman problem. It was written by David Applegate , Robert E. Bixby , Vašek Chvátal , and William J. Cook , in ANSI C , and is freely available for academic use.
The TSP also appears in astronomy, as astronomers observing many sources want to minimize the time spent moving the telescope between the sources; in such problems, the TSP can be embedded inside an optimal control problem. In many applications, additional constraints such as limited resources or time windows may be imposed.
The cost of the solution produced by the algorithm is within 3/2 of the optimum. To prove this, let C be the optimal traveling salesman tour. Removing an edge from C produces a spanning tree, which must have weight at least that of the minimum spanning tree, implying that w(T) ≤ w(C) - lower bound to the cost of the optimal solution.
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Kingsoft Office Spreadsheets 2012 – For MS Windows. Both free and paid versions are available. It can handle Microsoft Excel .xls and .xlsx files, and also produce other file formats such as .et, .txt, .csv, .pdf, and .dbf. It supports multiple tabs, VBA macro and PDF converting. [10] Lotus SmartSuite Lotus 123 – for MS Windows. In its MS ...
2-opt. In optimization, 2-opt is a simple local search algorithm for solving the traveling salesman problem.The 2-opt algorithm was first proposed by Croes in 1958, [1] although the basic move had already been suggested by Flood. [2]
Besides differences in the schema, there are several other differences between the earlier Office XML schema formats and Office Open XML. Whereas the data in Office Open XML documents is stored in multiple parts and compressed in a ZIP file conforming to the Open Packaging Conventions, Microsoft Office XML formats are stored as plain single monolithic XML files (making them quite large ...
TSP TALK was identified in a trade publication for federal executives in November 2006 as one of several sites providing collaboration and discussions relating to federal employee investments. [2] At the time, federal employees shared discussions of investment strategies , allocation theories, and held competitions on a member invented tracking ...