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Migraine (UK: / ˈ m iː ɡ r eɪ n /, US: / ˈ m aɪ-/) [1] [2] is a genetically-influenced complex neurological disorder characterized by episodes of moderate-to-severe headache, most often unilateral and generally associated with nausea and light and sound sensitivity.
The ICHD-2 specifies two different forms of the previously dubbed "menstrual migraine": pure menstrual migraine without aura and menstrually-related migraine without aura. The sole difference between these diagnoses is the occurrence of headache attacks outside of the 5-day period described in the diagnostic criteria.
Vestibular migraine (VM) is vertigo with migraine, either as a symptom of migraine or as a related neurological disorder.. A 2010 report from the University of British Columbia published in the journal Headache said that " 'Migraine associated vertigo' is emerging as a popular diagnosis for patients with recurrent vertigo" but, "in contrast to basilar artery migraine, is neither clinically nor ...
The International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD) is a detailed hierarchical classification of all headache-related disorders published by the International Headache Society. [1]
Acephalgic migraine (also called migraine aura without headache, amigrainous migraine, isolated visual migraine, and optical migraine) is a neurological syndrome.It is a relatively uncommon variant of migraine in which the patient may experience some migraine symptoms such as aura, nausea, photophobia, and hemiparesis, but does not experience headache. [1]
Myotonia congenita is a congenital neuromuscular channelopathy that affects skeletal muscles (muscles used for movement). It is a genetic disorder.The hallmark of the disease is the failure of initiated contraction to terminate, often referred to as delayed relaxation of the muscles and rigidity. [1]
Rescue treatment involves acute symptomatic control with medication. [4] Recommendations for rescue therapy of migraine include: (1) migraine-specific agents such as triptans, CGRP antagonists, or ditans for patients with severe headaches or for headaches that respond poorly to analgesics, (2) non-oral (typically nasal or injection) route of administration for patients with vomiting, (3) avoid ...
Studies of twins indicate a 34% to 51% genetic influence on the likelihood to develop migraine. [4] This genetic relationship is stronger for migraines with aura than for migraines without aura. [medical citation needed] [5] A number of specific variants of genes increase the risk by a small to moderate amount. [6]