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A two-way slab has moment resisting reinforcement in both directions. [24] This may be implemented due to application requirements such as heavy loading, vibration resistance, clearance below the slab, or other factors. However, an important characteristic governing the requirement of a two-way slab is the ratio of the two horizontal lengths.
The method adapts the strip method and is based on an elastic analysis of torsionally restrained two-way rectangular slabs with a uniformly distributed load. Marcus introduced a correction factor to the existing Rankine Grashoff theory in order to account for torsional restraints at the corners.
The overall mass of concrete can be reduced by 35–50% depending on the design, [1] as a consequence of reduced slab mass, as well as lower requirements for vertical structure and foundations. Biaxial slabs commonly span up to 20 metres at a thickness of around 500 mm. [ citation needed ] The added strength also reduces the acoustic ...
The underside of a waffle slab, showing the grid like structure. A waffle slab or two-way joist slab is a concrete slab made of reinforced concrete with concrete ribs running in two directions on its underside. [1] The name waffle comes from the grid pattern created by the reinforcing ribs.
Prestressed concrete is a highly versatile construction material as a result of it being an almost ideal combination of its two main constituents: high-strength steel, pre-stretched to allow its full strength to be easily realised; and modern concrete, pre-compressed to minimise cracking under tensile forces.
Lift slab construction (also called the Youtz-Slick Method) is a method of constructing concrete buildings by casting the floor or roof slab on top of the previous slab and then raising (jacking) the slab up with hydraulic jacks. This method of construction allows for a large portion of the work to be completed at ground level, negating the ...
Parts of a diaphragm include: [2] the collector (or membrane), used as a shear panel to carry in-plane shear; The drag strut member, used to transfer the load to the shear walls or frames; the chord, used to resist the tension and compression forces that develop in the diaphragm since the collector is usually incapable of handling these loads alone
Park's approach was later extended by Park and Gamble [9] in their method for predicting the plastic load-deformation response of laterally restrained slabs. In 1971, the American Concrete Institute [10] produced a special publication which presented the most recent research, to that time, on arching and compressive membrane action in ...