Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Aminopeptidases are a diverse group of enzymes that play crucial roles in various biological processes, including protein digestion, cell growth, and immune response.They are classified based on their substrate specificity (strength of binding) and catalytic mechanism (means of catalyzing their reaction) into two main categories: metalloaminopeptidases and cysteine aminopeptidases.
Phenethylamine is a potent agonist of the mouse, rat, and human trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1). [43] [2] β-PEA is also an odorant binding TAAR4 in mice thought to mediate predator avoidance. [44] Similarly to the case of amphetamine, phenethylamine shows enhanced locomotor stimulation, a psychostimulant-like effect, in TAAR1 ...
A dopamine molecule consists of a catechol structure (a benzene ring with two hydroxyl side groups) with one amine group attached via an ethyl chain. [14] As such, dopamine is the simplest possible catecholamine, a family that also includes the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine. [15]
Venenivibrio stagnispumantis gains energy by oxidizing hydrogen gas.. In biochemistry, chemosynthesis is the biological conversion of one or more carbon-containing molecules (usually carbon dioxide or methane) and nutrients into organic matter using the oxidation of inorganic compounds (e.g., hydrogen gas, hydrogen sulfide) or ferrous ions as a source of energy, rather than sunlight, as in ...
Substance P (SP) is an undecapeptide (a peptide composed of a chain of 11 amino acid residues) [1] and a type of neuropeptide, belonging to the tachykinin family of neuropeptides.
In prolonged acidosis, PEPCK-C is upregulated in renal proximal tubule brush border cells, in order to secrete more NH 3 and thus to produce more HCO 3 −. [26] The GTP-specific activity of PEPCK is highest when Mn 2+ and Mg 2+ are available. [21] In addition, hyper-reactive cysteine (C307) is involved in the binding of Mn 2+ to the active ...
Fibroblasts, mesothelial cells, and certain types of stem cells surround themselves in a pericellular "coat", part of which is constructed from hyaluronan, in order to shield themselves from bacteria, red blood cells, or other matrix molecules.
[1] [2] Peptidoglycan serves a structural role in the bacterial cell wall, giving structural strength, as well as counteracting the osmotic pressure of the cytoplasm. This repetitive linking results in a dense peptidoglycan layer which is critical for maintaining cell form and withstanding high osmotic pressures, and it is regularly replaced by ...