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Ruthenium(IV) oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula Ru O 2. This black solid is the most common oxide of ruthenium . It is widely used as an electrocatalyst for producing chlorine, chlorine oxides, and O 2 . [ 1 ]
Electronics is the largest use of ruthenium. [23] Ru metal is particularly nonvolatile, which is advantageous in microelectronic devices. Ru and its main oxide RuO 2 have comparable electrical resistivities. [70] Copper can be directly electroplated onto ruthenium, [71] particular applications include barrier layers, transistor gates, and ...
Ruthenium can be oxidized to ruthenium(IV) oxide (RuO 2, oxidation state +4), which can, in turn, be oxidized by sodium metaperiodate to the volatile yellow tetrahedral ruthenium tetroxide, RuO 4, an aggressive, strong oxidizing agent with structure and properties analogous to osmium tetroxide.
Phase behavior Triple point? K (? °C), ? Pa Critical point? K (? °C), ? Pa Std enthalpy change of fusionΔ fus H o? kJ/mol Std entropy change of fusionΔ fus S oJ/(mol·K)
Ruthenium oxide may refer to either of the following: Ruthenium(IV) oxide, RuO 2; Ruthenium(VIII) oxide, RuO 4 This page was last edited on 13 May 2022 ...
Anhydrous calcium chloride is often used as well. In this case, no chemical reaction occurs, instead the heat of solution is generated. Commercial heat sources for self-heating food packaging use an exothermic (heat releasing) reaction, for which there are several common formulations. These include: Quicklime aka calcium
However, even with all the positives of platinum metal use, the negative effects of their use need to be considered in how it might impact the future. For example, metallic Pt are considered to not be chemically reactive and non-allergenic, so when Pt is emitted from VECs it is in metallic and oxide forms it is considered relatively safe. [33]
Sr 2 RuO 4 is believed to be a fairly two-dimensional system, with superconductivity occurring primarily on the Ru-O plane. The electronic structure of Sr 2 RuO 4 is characterized by three bands derived from the Ru t 2g 4d orbitals, namely, α, β and γ bands, of which the first is hole-like while the other two are electron-like.