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The aircraft emergency frequency (also known in the USA as Guard) is a frequency used on the aircraft band reserved for emergency communications for aircraft in distress.The frequencies are 121.5 MHz for civilian, also known as International Air Distress (IAD), International Aeronautical Emergency Frequency, [1] or VHF Guard, [1] and 243.0 MHz—the second harmonic of VHF guard—for military ...
This frequency is monitored by all U.S. Navy ASW aircraft assigned to a SAR mission. 282.8 MHz— Joint/combined on-the-scene voice and DF frequency used throughout NATO 406 MHz / 406.1 MHz - Cospas-Sarsat international satellite-based search and rescue (SAR) distress alert detection and information distribution system
121.5 MHz VHF ± 6 kHz (frequency band protected to ±50 kHz) [66] (Satellite detection ceased on 1 February 2009, [67] but this frequency is still used for short-range location during a search and rescue operation) 243.0 MHz UHF ± 12 kHz (frequency band protected to ± 100 kHz) [66] [68] (prior to 1 February 2009 – COSPAS-SARSAT Compatible)
In the 25 kHz channel spacing scheme, an upper audio frequency of 12.5 kHz would be theoretically possible. [19] However, most airband voice transmissions never actually reach these limits. Usually, the whole transmission is contained within a 6 kHz to 8 kHz bandwidth, corresponding to an upper audio frequency of 3 kHz to 4 kHz. [19]
Prior to the founding of Cospas-Sarsat, the civilian aviation community had already been using the 121.5 MHz frequency for distress, while the military aviation community utilized 243.0 MHz as the primary distress frequency with the 121.5 MHz frequency as an alternate.
The satellites calculate the geographic location of the beacon within 2 km by measuring the Doppler frequency shift of the radio waves due to the relative motion of the transmitter and the satellite, and quickly transmit the information to the appropriate local first responder organizations, which perform the search and rescue.
The ARC-210 is a family of radios for military aircraft that provides two-way, multi-mode voice and data communications over a 30 to 512+ MHz frequency range. It covers both Ultra High Frequency (UHF) and Very High Frequency (VHF) bands with AM , FM and SATCOM capabilities. [ 1 ]
Very high frequency (VHF) is the ITU designation [1] [2] [3] for the range of radio frequency electromagnetic waves (radio waves) from 30 to 300 megahertz (MHz), with corresponding wavelengths of ten meters to one meter. Frequencies immediately below VHF are denoted high frequency (HF), and the next higher frequencies are known as ultra high ...