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The need for public institutions addressing environmental issues in Nigeria became a necessity in the aftermath of the 1988 toxic waste affair in Koko, Nigeria. [9] This prompted the government, led by President Ibrahim Badamosi Babangida, to promulgate Decree 58 of 1988, establishing the Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) as the country's environmental watchdog.
Occupational safety and health practice vary among nations with different approaches to legislation, regulation, enforcement, and incentives for compliance. In the EU, for example, some member states promote OSH by providing public monies as subsidies, grants or financing, while others have created tax system incentives for OSH investments.
In Australia the Work Health & Safety Act 2011 introduced the term So Far As Is Reasonably Practical (SFAIRP) based on the UK legislation. In some industry sectors the term SFARIP has become the common usage and can be used interchangeably with ALARP, but some people believe that SFAIRP and ALARP are two different legal tests.
Environment, health and safety (EHS) (or health, safety and environment –HSE–, or safety, health and environment –SHE–) is an interdisciplinary field focused on the study and implementation of practical aspects environmental protection and safeguard of people's health and safety, especially in an occupational context.
In March 1992, BSI published the world's first environmental management systems standard, BS 7750, as part of a response to growing concerns about the environment. [4] BS 7750 supplied the template for the development of the ISO 14000 series in March 1996, by ISO.
The Standards Organisation of Nigeria is the main statutory body responsible for standardising and regulating the quality of all products in Nigeria. [1] It was established under Enabling Act Number 56 of December 1971, although it started functioning January 1, 1970.
For example, an OHSAS 18001 certification from 2017 that is migrated to ISO 45001 in 2020 will be considered as having run from 2017. ISO/IEC TS 17021-10:2018 is a technical specification setting out competence requirements for auditing and certification of ISO 45001.
The decree establishing the NMA applied the 40-40-20 principal defined by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). This meant that 40% of cargo should be allocated to ships from the importer, 40% to ships from the exporter and 20% subject to open competition, which may include ships from other countries.