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The Christie M1931 originated as the M1928, which used Christie's suspension, and had the ability to run on its tracks or the wheels.The M1928 was demonstrated unofficially to the US Army by traversing a route at an average speed of 45 km/h (28 mph); by contrast the US Army's T1E1 tanks – expected to replace their WWI-era M1917 light tanks – averaged 16 km/h (9.9 mph) over the same route.
John Walter Christie (May 6, 1865 – January 11, 1944) was an American engineer and inventor. [1] He is known best for developing the Christie suspension system used for several World War II-era tank designs, most notably the Soviet BT and T-34 [3] tanks series, and the United Kingdom Covenanter and Crusader Cruiser tanks, as well as the Comet heavy cruiser tank.
The Christie suspension is a suspension system developed by American engineer J. Walter Christie for his tank designs. It allowed considerably longer movement than conventional leaf spring systems then in common use, which allowed his tanks to have considerably greater cross-country speed.
The BT tanks were "convertible tanks". This was a feature that was designed by J. Walter Christie to reduce wear of the unreliable tank tracks of the 1930s. In about thirty minutes, the crew could remove the tracks and engage a chain drive to the rearmost road wheel on each side, allowing the tank to travel at very high speeds on roads.
203 mm howitzer M1931 (B-4) (Russian: 203-мм гаубица обр. 1931 г. (Б-4), GRAU index: 52-G-625) was a 203 mm (8 inch) Soviet high-power heavy howitzer. During the Second World War, it was under the command of the Stavka's strategic reserve. It was nicknamed "Stalin's sledgehammer" by German soldiers.
The Br-5 mortar was a 279.4 mm (11 in) calibre towed mortar with a barrel 14.2 calibres long. The Br-5 mortar shared the same tracked, box trail carriage as the 152 mm gun M1935 (Br-2) and the 203 mm howitzer M1931 (B-4). The carriage allowed transportation of the weapon over short distances with the speed of 5–8 km/h (3–5 mph), for longer ...
This gun was a modernized version of the 76 mm air defense gun M1931, with a slightly modernized barrel and a completely new two-axle carriage ZU-8. This carriage was also used for the more powerful 85 mm 52-K air defense gun, developed in 1939.
The original prototype, using a modified T-28 chassis, mounted a 203 mm gun B-4 and by 1937 a 150 mm naval gun B-30; the SU-14-1 variant of 1936, using a T-35 chassis, mounted the 203 mm gun B-4 and later the 152 mm gun M1935 (Br-2). Both versions never entered serial production.