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In very large overdoses, multi-dose activated charcoal is a mainstay of treatment as the drug undergoes enterohepatic recirculation. Urine alkalization (achieved with sodium bicarbonate) enhances renal excretion. Hemodialysis is effective in removing phenobarbital from the body and may reduce its half-life by up to 90%. [40]
Levothyroxine, also known as L-thyroxine, is a synthetic form of the thyroid hormone thyroxine (T 4). [5] [8] It is used to treat thyroid hormone deficiency (hypothyroidism), including a severe form known as myxedema coma. [5]
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For this observational study, researchers analyzed data from the U.K. Biobank and Whitehall II study of more than 20,000 adults in the U.K. 70 years and older with or without previous ...
The U.S. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine recommends that men aim to get 15.5 cups of fluids a day and that women try to get 11.5 cups daily (from both food and liquids ...
The dose is based on recommendations for treatment rather than prevention, except if prevention is the main indication. Generally there is only one DDD for all formulations of a drug, however exceptions are made if some formulations are typically used in significantly different strengths (e.g., antibiotic injection in a hospital vs tablets in ...
The therapeutic index (TI; also referred to as therapeutic ratio) is a quantitative measurement of the relative safety of a drug with regard to risk of overdose.It is a comparison of the amount of a therapeutic agent that causes toxicity to the amount that causes the therapeutic effect. [1]
The term dosage form may also sometimes refer only to the pharmaceutical formulation of a drug product's constituent substances, without considering its final configuration as a consumable product (e.g., capsule, patch, etc.). Due to the somewhat ambiguous nature and overlap of these terms within the pharmaceutical industry, caution is ...