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In object-oriented programming, a class defines the shared aspects of objects created from the class. The capabilities of a class differ between programming languages , but generally the shared aspects consist of state ( variables ) and behavior ( methods ) that are each either associated with a particular object or with all objects of that class.
The class defines the data format or type (including member variables and their types) and available procedures (class methods or member functions) for a given type or class of object. Objects are created by calling a special type of method in the class known as a constructor .
Object-oriented languages model subset/superset relationships using inheritance. [69] Object-oriented programming became the dominant language paradigm by the late 1990s. [65] C++ (1985) was originally called "C with Classes". [70] It was designed to expand C's capabilities by adding the object-oriented facilities of the language Simula. [71]
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Based on C++, but with an incompatible syntax having traits from other C-like languages like Java and C#. Dart: 2013: Lars Bak and Kasper Lund : A class-based, single inheritance, object-oriented language with C-style syntax. E: 1997 Mark S. Miller, Dan Bornstein (Electric Communities)
Lisp is the second oldest family of programming languages in use today and as such has many dialects and implementations with a wide range of difficulties. Lisp was originally created as a practical mathematical notation for computer programs, based on lambda calculus, which makes it particularly well suited for teaching theories of computing.
A class in C++ is a user-defined type or data structure declared with any of the keywords class, struct or union (the first two are collectively referred to as non-union classes) that has data and functions (also called member variables and member functions) as its members whose access is governed by the three access specifiers private, protected or public.
An object must be explicitly created based on a class and an object thus created is considered to be an instance of that class. An object is similar to a structure, with the addition of method pointers, member access control, and an implicit data member which locates instances of the class (i.e., objects of the class) in the class hierarchy ...
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related to: programs on classes and objects in c++ exercises for beginners printable