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A woman's head is shaved as punishment for collaboration horizontale.Montélimar area, August 1944.. Horizontal collaboration (French: Collaboration horizontale, collaboration féminine or collaboration sentimentale) referred to the romantic or sexual relationship many women in France had or allegedly had with members of the German occupation forces after the Fall of France in 1940.
The picture depicts her, carrying her daughter in her arms, after the humiliating head shaving had taken place and her forehead had been branded with a red-hot iron as a sign of collaborationism, while she is being paraded in the streets of Chartres, followed by a number of people, including women, children and policemen. Her father walks ahead ...
As Dagmar Herzog writes in Sexuality In Europe: A Twentieth Century History, “There was more detailed discussion of the best techniques for enhancing female orgasm under Nazism than there would be in the far more conservative decade of the 1950s.” [4] The flip-side to liberalization for some was crackdowns on others. [4]
U.S. soldiers committed acts of rape against French women during and after the liberation of France in the later stages of World War II.The sociologist J. Robert Lilly of Northern Kentucky University estimates that 4,500 instances of sexual assault had been transgressed by U.S servicemen in France from June 1944 to the end of the war in May 1945.
The liberation of France didn't finally end till the elimination of some pockets of German resistance along the Atlantic coast at the end of the war in May 1945. The gradual loss of all Vichy territory to Free France and the Allies by 1943. Militarily, the liberation of France was part of the Western Front of World War II.
Women are allowed to vote for the first time. 13 November – Charles de Gaulle elected head of a French provisional government. 2 December – French banks (Banque de France, BNCI, CNEP, Crédit Lyonnais and Société Générale) are nationalized. 21 December – André Malraux is appointed minister of information by de Gaulle.
28 March – British Commandos raid St Nazaire on the coast of Western France. 5 May – Battle of Madagascar begins, Allied campaign to capture Vichy French-controlled Madagascar during World War II. 26 May – Battle of Bir Hakeim begins, First Free French Division defends the site against the Italian and German Afrika Korps.
Axis occupation of France: German occupation of France during World War II - 1940–1944 in the northern zones, and 1942–1944 in the southern zone. The Holocaust in France. Italian occupation of France during World War II - limited to border areas 1940–1942, almost all Rhône left-bank territory 1942-1943.