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The Jewish Archive (Archivo Judaico) was the name given to a collection of documents compiled by the regime of Francisco Franco in Spain during the Second World War. In accordance with instructions of the Directorate of General Security ( Dirección General de Seguridad , DGS) the provincial governors of Spain assembled records of all Jews who ...
During the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939), synagogues were closed and post-war worship was kept in private homes. Jewish public life resumed in 1947 with the arrival of Jews from Europe and North Africa. In the first years of World War II, "Laws regulating their admittance were written and mostly ignored."
Public Jewish religious services, like Protestant services, had been forbidden since the Civil War. [3] José Finat y Escrivá de Romaní, the Director of Security, ordered a list of Jews and foreigners in Spain to be compiled in May 1941. The same year, Jewish status was marked on Spanish identity papers for the first time. [3] [4]
Throughout World War II, Spanish diplomats of the Franco government extended their protection to Eastern European Jews, especially in Hungary. Jews claiming Spanish ancestry were provided with Spanish documentation without being required to prove their case and either left for Spain or survived the war with the help of their new legal status in ...
Enrique Múgica Herzog (1932–), lawyer, politician and co-founder of Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, half-Jewish. [64] [65] Romeo Niram (1974–), figurative painter. Eduardo Propper de Callejón (1895–1972), diplomat remembered for facilitating escape of tens of thousands of Jews from France, half Jewish. [citation needed]
However, the country has traditionally been the destination of a large number of Jewish refugees during and after World War II. [70] In 1940, the Central Israelite Committee of Uruguay was founded, uniting the different Jewish communities that had been formed based on the place of origin of the Jews who arrived in the country. [71]
Shanghai Ghetto (1937-1941, less restriction over Jews by Japanese) (1941-1945) Japanese forced 16,000 Jews into a one square mile ghetto, where they were often the victims of air raids by the U.S.' 7th Air Force, and often had no running water, no bathroom, heavy rations, and it was not uncommon for 30-40 people to sleep in the same room.
Spanish-Jewish diaspora (3 C, 13 P) Pages in category "Spanish Jews" The following 32 pages are in this category, out of 32 total. ... This page was last edited on 11 ...