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January Uprising; Part of the Polish-Russian wars: Poland - The Year 1863, by Jan Matejko, 1864, oil on canvas, 156 × 232 cm, National Museum, Kraków. Pictured is the aftermath of the failed January 1863 Uprising. Captives await transportation to Siberia. Russian officers and soldiers supervise a blacksmith placing shackles on a woman .
It was designed to be able to unite Poland in a national struggle, and claimed all of the pre-partition Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth lands. The last "dictator" of the National Government was Romuald Traugutt, who was arrested from the night of the 10th to 11 April 1864 by Russian authorities. With his execution, the uprising had its symbolic end.
"Most mainstream estimates give the number of Volhynian Polish victims [...] compared with some 20,000 Ukrainians killed by Polish forces. In Poland, the situation was the reverse, with some 11,000 Ukrainians killed, [...]" [16] Paul Robert Magocsi — — — 20k "among the more reasonable estimates" [13] Timothy Snyder: 10k — —
31 December 1944–1 January 1945 Nieławice Nazi Germany: 56 Poles including 32 children under the age of 14 [68] Przyrów massacre 8 January 1945 Przyrów Nazi Germany: 43 Poles Zawady Małe massacre 21–22 January 1945 Zawady Małe Nazi Germany: 110 Poles and 7 Russians Marchwacz massacre 21–22 January 1945 Marchwacz Nazi Germany
The Battle of Grochowiska took place on 18 March 1863 at the village of Grochowiska near Pińczów, Poland during the Polish January Uprising against the Russian Empire.It involved a 3,000-strong unit of Polish insurgents under the command of Marian Langiewicz which had been cornered by Russian forces numbering around 3,500 soldiers and six artillery pieces.
January 29, 1993 [citation needed] 71 Soviet Jewish September 22, 1943: Red Army soldier in Pechersky's group. Was a participant of the uprising and subsequently rejoined the Red Army. Abraham Margulies [29] January 25, 1921: 1984: 62 or 63 Żyrardów, Poland: Jewish late May 1942: Worked in the Bahnhofskommando, as well as kitchens and sorting ...
[1] [2] The estimated number of Jewish victims varies, ranging up to 2,000. [3] In 2021, Julian Kwiek published the first scientific register of incidents and victims of anti-Jewish violence in Poland from 1944 to 1947; according to Kwiek's calculations, the number of victims was 1,074 to 1,121. [4]
In 1945, during the German retreat, the Gestapo, Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS carried out further massacres and executions of Polish civilians, such as in Chojnice (18 January 1945; 800 victims), [128] Wieniec-Zdrój (18 January; nine victims), [129] Płock (19 January 1945; 79 victims), [130] Ostrzeszów (20 January 1945; 14 victims), Pleszew (21 ...