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The inferior gluteal artery (sciatic artery) is a terminal branch of the anterior trunk of the internal iliac artery. It exits the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen . It is distributed chiefly to the buttock and the back of the thigh.
The cruciate anastomosis is a circulatory anastomosis in the upper thigh [1] formed by the inferior gluteal artery, the lateral and medial circumflex femoral arteries, the first perforating artery of the deep femoral artery, [2] [1] and the anastomotic branch of the posterior branch of the obturator artery.
The inferior gluteal nerve is accompanied by the inferior gluteal artery, a branch of the anterior trunk of the internal iliac artery. [2] However the relationship between the inferior gluteal nerve and artery was found to be unpredictable. [1]
The accompanying artery of ischiadic nerve is a long, slender artery in the thigh. It branches of the inferior gluteal artery. It accompanies the sciatic nerve for a short distance. [1] It then penetrates it, and runs in its substance to the lower part of the thigh.
The posterior branch of the obturator artery is a small artery in the thigh and follows the posterior margin of the foramen and turns forward on the inferior ramus of the ischium, where it anastomoses with the anterior branch. It gives twigs to the muscles attached to the ischial tuberosity and anastomoses with the inferior gluteal artery.
The acetabular branch of the obturator artery supplies the acetabulum through the acetabular notch. The pubic branches supply the pelvic surface of the acetabulum. Deep branches of the superior gluteal artery supply the superior region and the inferior gluteal artery supplies the postero-inferior region. [7]
The hamstrings are innervated by the sciatic nerve, specifically by a main branch of it: the tibial nerve. (The short head of the biceps femoris is innervated by the common fibular nerve). The sciatic nerve runs along the longitudinal axis of the compartment, giving the cited terminal branches close to the superior angle of the popliteal fossa.
The superficial branch passes over the piriformis muscle. [2] It enters the deep surface of the gluteus maximus muscle, and divides into numerous branches. [2] Some branches supply the muscle and anastomose with the inferior gluteal artery, while others perforate its tendinous origin, and supply the integument covering the posterior surface of the sacrum, anastomosing with the posterior ...