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Function. Adenine is one of the two purine nucleobases (the other being guanine) used in forming nucleotides of the nucleic acids. In DNA, adenine binds to thymine via two hydrogen bonds to assist in stabilizing the nucleic acid structures. In RNA, which is used for protein synthesis, adenine binds to uracil.
This nucleotide contains the five-carbon sugar deoxyribose (at center), a nucleobase called adenine (upper right), and one phosphate group (left). The deoxyribose sugar joined only to the nitrogenous base forms a Deoxyribonucleoside called deoxyadenosine, whereas the whole structure along with the phosphate group is a nucleotide, a constituent of DNA with the name deoxyadenosine monophosphate.
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a coenzyme central to metabolism. [ 3 ] Found in all living cells, NAD is called a dinucleotide because it consists of two nucleotides joined through their phosphate groups. One nucleotide contains an adenine nucleobase and the other, nicotinamide.
In biochemistry, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) is a redox -active coenzyme associated with various proteins, which is involved with several enzymatic reactions in metabolism. A flavoprotein is a protein that contains a flavin group, which may be in the form of FAD or flavin mononucleotide (FMN). Many flavoproteins are known: components of ...
Purines are biologically synthesized as nucleotides and in particular as ribotides, i.e. bases attached to ribose 5-phosphate. Both adenine and guanine are derived from the nucleotide inosine monophosphate (IMP), which is the first compound in the pathway to have a completely formed purine ring system.
Adenosine is used as an intravenous medication for some cardiac arrhythmias. Adenosyl (abbreviated Ado or 5'-dAdo) is the chemical group formed by removal of the 5′-hydroxy (OH) group. It is found in adenosylcobalamin (an active form of vitamin B12 [ 1 ]) and as a radical in the radical SAM enzymes. [ 2 ]
Chemical compound. Adenosine diphosphate(ADP), also known as adenosine pyrophosphate(APP), is an important organic compoundin metabolismand is essential to the flow of energy in living cells. ADP consists of three important structural components: a sugarbackbone attached to adenineand two phosphategroups bonded to the 5 carbon atom of ribose.
Alpha-MSH (Melaninocyte stimulating hormone) Allantoin. Allethrin. α-Amanatin, see Alpha-amanitin. Amino acid. Amylase (also see α-amylase) Anabolic steroid. Anandamide (ANA) Androgen.