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Statistical distance. In statistics, probability theory, and information theory, a statistical distance quantifies the distance between two statistical objects, which can be two random variables, or two probability distributions or samples, or the distance can be between an individual sample point and a population or a wider sample of points.
Total variation distance is half the absolute area between the two curves: Half the shaded area above. In probability theory, the total variation distance is a distance measure for probability distributions. It is an example of a statistical distance metric, and is sometimes called the statistical distance, statistical difference or variational ...
In statistics, the Bhattacharyya distance is a quantity which represents a notion of similarity between two probability distributions. [ 1 ] It is closely related to the Bhattacharyya coefficient, which is a measure of the amount of overlap between two statistical samples or populations. It is not a metric, despite being named a "distance ...
In mathematics, the Wasserstein distance or Kantorovich – Rubinstein metric is a distance function defined between probability distributions on a given metric space . It is named after Leonid Vaseršteĭn. Intuitively, if each distribution is viewed as a unit amount of earth (soil) piled on , the metric is the minimum "cost" of turning one ...
A probability distribution is a mathematical description of the probabilities of events, subsets of the sample space. The sample space, often represented in notation by Ω ,{\displaystyle \ \Omega \ ,}is the setof all possible outcomesof a random phenomenon being observed. The sample space may be any set: a set of real numbers, a set of ...
The Mahalanobis distance is a measure of the distance between a point and a distribution , introduced by P. C. Mahalanobis in 1936. 1 The mathematical details of Mahalanobis distance has appeared in the Journal of The Asiatic Society of Bengal. [ 2 ] Mahalanobis's definition was prompted by the problem of identifying the similarities of skulls ...
Hellinger distance. In probability and statistics, the Hellinger distance (closely related to, although different from, the Bhattacharyya distance) is used to quantify the similarity between two probability distributions. It is a type of f -divergence. The Hellinger distance is defined in terms of the Hellinger integral, which was introduced by ...
Earth mover's distance. In computer science, the earth mover's distance (EMD) [ 1 ] is a measure of dissimilarity between two frequency distributions, densities, or measures, over a metric space D. Informally, if the distributions are interpreted as two different ways of piling up earth (dirt) over D, the EMD captures the minimum cost of ...