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Capital cost. Capital costs are fixed, one-time expenses incurred on the purchase of land, buildings, construction, and equipment used in the production of goods or in the rendering of services. In other words, it is the total cost needed to bring a project to a commercially operable status. Whether a particular cost is capital or not depend on ...
In economics, capital goodsor capitalare "those durable produced goods that are in turn used as productive inputsfor further production" of goods and services.[1] A typical example is the machinery used in a factory. At the macroeconomiclevel, "the nation's capital stockincludes buildings, equipment, software, and inventories during a given year."
Labor-power might be seen as a stock which can produce a flow of labor. Labor, not labor power, is the key factor of production for Marx and the basis for earlier economists' labor theory of value. The hiring of labor power only results in the production of goods or services ("use-values") when organized and regulated (often by the "management ...
The Cambridge capital controversy, sometimes called " the capital controversy " [ 1 ] or " the two Cambridges debate ", [ 2 ] was a dispute between proponents of two differing theoretical and mathematical positions in economics that started in the 1950s and lasted well into the 1960s. The debate concerned the nature and role of capital goods ...
Cost of capital. In economics and accounting, the cost of capital is the cost of a company's funds (both debt and equity), or from an investor's point of view is "the required rate of return on a portfolio company's existing securities". [ 1 ] It is used to evaluate new projects of a company.
Overall costs of capital projects are known to be subject to economies of scale. A crude estimate is that if the capital cost for a given sized piece of equipment is known, changing the size will change the capital cost by the 0.6 power of the capacity ratio (the point six to the power rule). [16] [d]
Value added. Value added is a term in financial economics for calculating the difference between market value of a product or service, and the sum value of its constituents. It is relatively expressed to the supply-demand curve for specific units of sale. [1] It represents a market equilibrium view of production economics and financial analysis ...
Capitalism. In Marxian economics, surplus value is the difference between the amount raised through a sale of a product and the amount it cost to manufacture it: i.e. the amount raised through sale of the product minus the cost of the materials, plant and labour power. The concept originated in Ricardian socialism, with the term "surplus value ...