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Glia, also called glial cells (gliocytes) or neuroglia, are non- neuronal cells in the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the peripheral nervous system that do not produce electrical impulses. The neuroglia make up more than one half the volume of neural tissue in the human body. [ 1 ]
Oligodendrocytes (from Greek 'cells with a few branches'), also known as oligodendroglia, are a type of neuroglia whose main functions are to provide support and insulation to axons within the central nervous system (CNS) of jawed vertebrates. Their function is similar to that of Schwann cells, which perform the same task in the peripheral ...
Satellite glial cells are a type of glia found in the peripheral nervous system, specifically in sensory, [ 2 ] sympathetic, and parasympathetic ganglia. [ 3 ] They compose the thin cellular sheaths that surround the individual neurons in these ganglia. In a SGC, the cell body is denoted by the region containing the single, relatively large ...
Schwann cell. Schwann cells (red, cylindral cells at bottom) on a neuron (yellow) in the PNS. Schwann cells or neurolemmocytes (named after German physiologist Theodor Schwann) are the principal glia of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Glial cells function to support neurons and in the PNS, also include satellite cells, olfactory ...
NGF cells represent approximately 10% of the total hippocampal inhibitory interneuron population. [ 1] In terms of morphology, they are comparatively small and have an unusually high presynaptic bouton density. [ 2] Almost all NGF neurons express neuropeptide Y (NPY) and are commonly positive for other signalling and non-signalling peptides ...
Brain cells make up the functional tissue of the brain. The rest of the brain tissue is the structural stroma that includes connective tissue such as the meninges, blood vessels, and ducts. The two main types of cells in the brain are neurons, also known as nerve cells, and glial cells, also known as neuroglia. [ 1 ]
Microglia are a type of glial cell located throughout the brain and spinal cord of the central nervous system (CNS). [ 1 ] Microglia account for about 10–15% of cells found within the brain. [ 2 ] As the resident macrophage cells, they act as the first and main form of active immune defense in the CNS. [ 3 ]
Ependyma. The ependyma is the thin neuroepithelial (simple columnar ciliated epithelium) lining of the ventricular system of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord. [1] The ependyma is one of the four types of neuroglia in the central nervous system (CNS). It is involved in the production of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and is shown ...