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Alfred North Whitehead OM FRS FBA (15 February 1861 – 30 December 1947) was an English mathematician and philosopher.He created the philosophical school known as process philosophy, [2] which has been applied in a wide variety of disciplines, including ecology, theology, education, physics, biology, economics, and psychology.
Mathematics is essential in the natural sciences, engineering, medicine, finance, computer science, and the social sciences. Although mathematics is extensively used for modeling phenomena, the fundamental truths of mathematics are independent of any scientific experimentation.
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Philosophy of mathematics is the branch of philosophy that deals with the nature of mathematics and its relationship to other areas of philosophy, particularly epistemology and metaphysics. Central questions posed include whether or not mathematical objects are purely abstract entities or are in some way concrete, and in what the relationship ...
The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics in the Natural Sciences" is a 1960 article written by the physicist Eugene Wigner, published in Communication in Pure and Applied Mathematics. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] In it, Wigner observes that a theoretical physics's mathematical structure often points the way to further advances in that theory and to ...
In Philosophy of mathematics, the concept of "mathematical objects" touches on topics of existence, identity, and the nature of reality. [2] In metaphysics , objects are often considered entities that possess properties and can stand in various relations to one another. [ 3 ]
Humans have evolved to mentally represent numbers in two major ways from observation (not formal math). [9] These representations are often thought to be innate [10] (see Numerical cognition), to be shared across human cultures, [11] to be common to multiple species, [12] and not to be the result of individual learning or cultural transmission.
A mathematical problem is a problem that can be represented, analyzed, and possibly solved, with the methods of mathematics.This can be a real-world problem, such as computing the orbits of the planets in the solar system, or a problem of a more abstract nature, such as Hilbert's problems.