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The Abstraction-Filtration-Comparison test (AFC) is a method of identifying substantial similarity for the purposes of applying copyright law. In particular, the AFC test is used to determine whether non-literal elements of a computer program have been copied by comparing the protectable elements of two programs.
A showing that features of the two works are not similar does not bar a finding of substantial similarity, if such similarity as does exist clears the de minimis threshold. [3] The substantial similarity standard is used for all kinds of copyrighted subject matter: books, photographs, plays, music, software, etc. It may also cross media, as in ...
To prove that he knew the cassettes were stolen, the government sought to introduce two pieces of relevant "similar acts" evidence. First, the government called Paul Toney, a record store owner, to testify that Huddleston had offered to sell him some 12" black-and-white television sets for $28 each. Toney testified that Huddleston told him he ...
The intrinsic test would decide whether an "ordinary reasonable person" would consider there were substantial similarities in expression. A jury is well fitted to determine this. McDonald's character Mayor McCheese (left) and Sid and Marty Krofft's character H.R. Pufnstuf both are fictional mayors that possess disproportionately large round heads.
The test statistic R is calculated in the following way: R = r B − r W M / 2 {\displaystyle R={\frac {r_{B}-r_{W}}{M/2}}} where r B is the average of rank similarities of pairs of samples (or replicates) originating from different sites, r W is the average of rank similarity of pairs among replicates within sites, and M = n ( n − 1)/2 where ...
Jim Carrey isn't swearing off acting for good.. The actor returns to the big screen in the new sequel Sonic the Hedgehog 3 after previously saying in 2022 that he was "being fairly serious" about ...
Jeremy Birnholtz, a communication professor at Northwestern University who focuses on human-computer interaction, told me there are two features that make group chats unique (and daunting).
Testing various clustering algorithms and analyzing their results to find a suitable match for our task (determining which modules are similar and possible candidates to be merged). Also contains a brief literature review of code similarity detection. List of possible candidates for improvement of clustering using better algorithms.