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Male fetal pigs have an urogenital opening located behind the umbilical cord. The swelling behind the hind legs of the fetal pig [ 24 ] is the scrotum . The male's internal reproductive system has two scrotal sacs, which depending on the age of the fetal pig may or may not have developed testes . [ 25 ]
The unpaired umbilical vein carries oxygen and nutrient rich blood derived from fetal-maternal blood exchange at the chorionic villi.More than two-thirds of fetal hepatic circulation is via the main portal vein, while the remainder is shunted from the left portal vein via the ductus venosus to the inferior vena cava, eventually being delivered to the fetal right atrium.
The pathway of fetal umbilical venous flow is umbilical vein left portal vein ductus venosus inferior vena cava eventually right atrium.. This anatomic course is important to recall when assessing the success of neonatal umbilical venous catheterization, as failure to cannulate through the ductus venosus results in malpositioned hepatic catheterization via the left or right portal veins.
The umbilical arteries surround the urinary bladder and then carry all the deoxygenated blood out of the fetus through the umbilical cord. Inside the placenta, the umbilical arteries connect with each other at a distance of approximately 5 mm from the cord insertion in what is called the Hyrtl anastomosis . [ 1 ]
As the umbilical vessels are obliterated and the infant starts breathing at birth, the source of oxygen changes from the placenta to the lungs. This major trigger will facilitate the transformation from fetal to postnatal circulation in many ways. First, the ductus venosus was previously kept open by the blood flow from the umbilical vein.
During prenatal development, the umbilical cord is physiologically and genetically part of the fetus and (in humans) normally contains two arteries (the umbilical arteries) and one vein (the umbilical vein), buried within Wharton's jelly. The umbilical vein supplies the fetus with oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood from the placenta. Conversely ...
Umbilical vessels can refer to: Umbilical artery , one of a pair of blood vessels that supply deoxygenated blood from within the fetus to the placenta Umbilical vein , a blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood from the placenta into the fetus
VV Vitelline veins, UV Umbilical veins, CV Cardinal veins, SV Sinus venosus. The vitelline veins give rise to: [4] Hepatic veins; Inferior portion of Inferior vena cava; Portal vein; Superior mesenteric vein; Inferior mesenteric vein; The branches conveying the blood to the plexus are named the venae advehentes, and become the branches of the ...