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The format string syntax and semantics is the same for all of the functions in the printf-like family. Mismatch between the format specifiers and count and type of values can cause a crash or vulnerability. The printf format string is complementary to the scanf format string, which provides formatted input (lexing a.k.a. parsing). Both format ...
printf(string format, items-to-format) It can take one or more arguments, where the first argument is a string to be written. This string can contain special formatting codes which are replaced by items from the remainder of the arguments. For example, an integer can be printed using the "%d" formatting code, e.g.: printf("%d", 42);
The problem stems from the use of unchecked user input as the format string parameter in certain C functions that perform formatting, such as printf(). A malicious user may use the %s and %x format tokens, among others, to print data from the call stack or possibly other locations in memory.
The \n escape sequence allows for shorter code by specifying the newline in the string literal, and for faster runtime by eliminating the text formatting operation. Also, the compiler can map the escape sequence to a character encoding system other than ASCII and thus make the code more portable.
The function body consists of a single statement, a call to the printf() function, which stands for "print formatted"; it outputs to the console whatever is passed to it as the parameter, in this case the string "hello, world". The C-language version was preceded by Kernighan's own 1972 A Tutorial Introduction to the Language B, [4] where the ...
String interpolation is an alternative to building string via concatenation, which requires repeat quoting and unquoting; [2] or substituting into a printf format string, where the variable is far from where it is used. Compare:
C: String.format(formatstring, items) Java: C: String.Format(formatstring, items) VB .NET, C#, F#.NET (format formatstring items) Scheme (SRFI 28) Lisp (format nil formatstring items) Common Lisp: Lisp (format formatstring items) Clojure: Lisp formatstring-f items: Windows PowerShell.NET [NSString stringWithFormat:formatstring, items] Objective ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 6 January 2025. General-purpose programming language "C programming language" redirects here. For the book, see The C Programming Language. Not to be confused with C++ or C#. C Logotype used on the cover of the first edition of The C Programming Language Paradigm Multi-paradigm: imperative (procedural ...