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The Symbolics Lisp Machines were also sold to some non-AI markets like computer graphics, modeling, and animation. The MIT-derived Lisp machines ran a Lisp dialect named Lisp Machine Lisp, descended from MIT's Maclisp. The operating systems were written from the ground up in Lisp, often using object-oriented extensions.
Lisp Machine Lisp is a programming language, a dialect of the language Lisp. A direct descendant of Maclisp , it was initially developed in the mid to late 1970s as the system programming language for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Lisp machines .
Lisp Machines, Inc. was a company formed in 1979 by Richard Greenblatt of MIT's Artificial Intelligence Laboratory to build Lisp machines. It was based in Cambridge, Massachusetts . By 1979, the Lisp Machine Project at MIT, originated and headed by Greenblatt, had constructed over 30 CADR computers for various projects at MIT.
The primary influences were Lisp Machine Lisp, Maclisp, NIL, S-1 Lisp, Spice Lisp, and Scheme. [49] It has many of the features of Lisp Machine Lisp (a large Lisp dialect used to program Lisp Machines ), but was designed to be efficiently implementable on any personal computer or workstation.
Genera is a commercial operating system and integrated development environment for Lisp machines created by Symbolics.It is essentially a fork of an earlier operating system originating on the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) AI Lab's Lisp machines which Symbolics had used in common with Lisp Machines, Inc. (LMI), and Texas Instruments (TI).
Lisp dialect built on Core Erlang and the Erlang virtual machine BEAM: Lisp Machine Lisp: 1984: Sometimes named Zetalisp, is a direct descendant of Maclisp; was developed in the mid to late 1970s as the systems programming language for the MIT Lisp machines [23] Lispkit Lisp: 1980: Peter Henderson
The Lisp Machine Manual describes the Lisp Machine Lisp language in detail. [1] [2] The manual was popularly termed the Chine Nual, because the full title was printed across the front and back covers such that only those letters appeared on the front. [3] This name is sometimes further abbreviated by blending the two words into Chinual.
By the early 1980s several groups were already at work on diverse successors to MacLisp: Lisp Machine Lisp (aka ZetaLisp), Spice Lisp, NIL and S-1 Lisp. Common Lisp sought to unify, standardise, and extend the features of these MacLisp dialects. Common Lisp is not an implementation, but rather a language specification. [4]