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Cancer, malignant neoplasm: Malignant tumor (right) spreads uncontrollably and invades the surrounding tissues; benign tumor (left) remains self-contained from neighbouring tissue: Specialty: Oncology: Symptoms: Fatigue, lump(s), change in skin, abnormal bleeding, prolonged cough, unexplained weight loss [1] Risk factors
Once a cancer has metastasized, prognosis normally becomes much worse. About half of patients receiving treatment for invasive cancer (excluding carcinoma in situ and non-melanoma skin cancers) die from that cancer or its treatment. [24] A majority of cancer deaths are due to metastases of the primary tumor. [202]
Tumor is also not synonymous with cancer. While cancer is by definition malignant, a tumor can be benign, precancerous, or malignant. [citation needed] The terms mass and nodule are often used synonymously with tumor. Generally speaking, however, the term tumor is used generically, without reference to the physical size of the lesion. [3]
Most commonly cancer treatment involves a series of separate therapies such as chemotherapy before surgery. [4] Angiogenesis inhibitors are sometimes used to enhance the effects of immunotherapies. [5] The choice of therapy depends upon the location and grade of the tumor and the stage of the disease, as well as the general state of the patient.
Oncology is a branch of medicine that deals with the study, treatment, diagnosis, and prevention of cancer. A medical professional who practices oncology is an oncologist . [ 1 ] The name's etymological origin is the Greek word ὄγκος ( ónkos ), meaning "tumor", "volume" or "mass". [ 2 ]
Hematological malignancies are malignant neoplasms ("cancer"), and they are generally treated by specialists in hematology and/or oncology. In some centers "hematology/oncology" is a single subspecialty of internal medicine while in others they are considered separate divisions (there are also surgical and radiation oncologists).
Lumpectomy (sometimes known as a tylectomy, partial mastectomy, breast segmental resection or breast wide local excision) is a surgical removal of a discrete portion or "lump" of breast tissue, usually in the treatment of a malignant tumor or breast cancer. [1]
Treatment options for soft-tissue sarcomas include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted drug therapy. [3] Surgery is the most common treatment for soft-tissue sarcomas, and usually the only way to achieve a cure. The tumor is removed leaving a safe margin of surrounding healthy tissue to decrease the chances of its recurrence.