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Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism; [9] prophylaxis and treatment of thromboembolic complications associated with atrial fibrillation and/or cardiac valve replacement; [9] and reduction in the risk of death, recurrent myocardial infarction, and thromboembolic events such as stroke or systemic embolization after ...
An anticoagulant, commonly known as a blood thinner, is a chemical substance that prevents or reduces the coagulation of blood, prolonging the clotting time. [1] Some occur naturally in blood-eating animals, such as leeches and mosquitoes, which help keep the bite area unclotted long enough for the animal to obtain blood.
The therapeutic window is the amount of a medication between the amount that gives an effect (effective dose) and the amount that gives more adverse effects than desired effects. For instance, medication with a small pharmaceutical window must be administered with care and control, e.g. by frequently measuring blood concentration of the drug ...
Germline mutations in drug targets can also influence response to medications, though this is an emerging subfield within pharmacogenomics. One well-established gene-drug interaction involving a germline mutation to a drug target is warfarin (Coumadin) and VKORC1, which codes for vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKOR).
The normal range for a healthy person not using warfarin is 0.8–1.2, and for people on warfarin therapy an INR of 2.0–3.0 is usually targeted, although the target INR may be higher in particular situations, such as for those with a mechanical heart valve. If the INR is outside the target range, a high INR indicates a higher risk of bleeding ...
The therapeutic window (or pharmaceutical window) of a drug is the range of drug dosages which can treat disease effectively without having toxic effects. [18] Medication with a small therapeutic window must be administered with care and control, frequently measuring blood concentration of the drug, to avoid harm.
These drugs should not be used in patients with impaired renal function, since there is no specific antidote available to reverse the effects. [14] Hirudins are given parenterally , usually by intravenous injection. 80% of hirudin is distributed in the extravascular compartment and only 20% is found in the plasma .
Other side effects may include bleeding around the spine and allergic reactions such as anaphylaxis. [6] In cases of severe bleeding, it can be reversed with the antidote, idarucizumab. [6] Use is not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding. [6] Compared to warfarin it has fewer interactions with other medications. [9]
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109 S High St #100, Columbus, OH · Directions · (614) 224-4261
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