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A "multigravida" or "secundigravida" is a female who has been pregnant more than once. Terms such as "gravida 0", referring to a nulligravida, "gravida 1" for a primigravida, and so on, can also be used. The term "elderly primigravida" has also been used to refer to a female in their first pregnancy who is at least 35 years old. [7] Advanced ...
The ligaments of the sacroiliac joint loosen during pregnancy due to the hormone relaxin; this loosening, along with that of the related symphysis pubis, permits the pelvic joints to widen during the birthing process. The long SI ligaments may be palpated in thin persons for pain and compared from one side of the body to the other; however, the ...
Women are 4-5 times more likely to develop a clot during pregnancy and in the postpartum period than when they are not pregnant. [25] Hypercoagulability in pregnancy likely evolved to protect women from hemorrhage at the time of miscarriage or childbirth. In developing countries, the leading cause of maternal death is still hemorrhage. [25]
Sacroiliac joint dysfunction is an outcome of either extra-articular dysfunction or from intraarticular dysfunction. SI joint dysfunction is sometimes referred to as "sacroiliac joint instability" or "sacroiliac joint insufficiency" due to the support the once strong and taut ligaments can no longer sustain.
A pregnant woman sleeping on her back after 28 weeks of pregnancy may be a risk factor for stillbirth. [22] [27] After a stillbirth there is a 2.5% risk of another stillbirth in the next pregnancy (an increase from 0.4%). [28] In the United States, highest rates of stillbirths happen in pregnant women who: [29] are of low socioeconomic status
A challenge facing many pregnant women is the lack of access to specialized obstetric care, often resulting in untimely deaths and an increasing rate of maternal morbidity. This lack of access offered to women has resulted in an outreach programs attempted by clinicians to reach women who are currently suffering from the consequences of reduced ...
Ladin's sign is a clinical sign of pregnancy in which there is softening in the midline of the uterus anteriorly at the junction of the uterus and cervix. It occurs and is detectable with a manual examination at about 6 weeks' gestation. [1] Ladin's sign is often present during the woman's first pelvic exam when pregnancy is suspected. [2]
During pregnancy, women of an average pre-pregnancy weight (BMI 18.5-24.9) should expect to gain between 25–35 pounds (11–16 kg) over the course of the pregnancy. [32] Increased rates of hypertension, diabetes, respiratory complications, and infections are prevalent in cases of maternal obesity and can have detrimental effects on pregnancy ...