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Pupa Average developmental period (days until emergence) Start of fertility Body length Weight on emerging Queen: up to day 3 up to day 8½ day 7½ day 8 until emergence 16 days day 23 and up 18–22 mm (0.71–0.87 in) nearly 200 mg (3.1 gr) Worker: up to day 3 up to day 9 day 9 day 10 until emergence (day 11 or 12 last moult) 21 days
After it has reached the end of its last instar, it sheds its skin (molting or apolysis), becoming a soft fleshy pupae, wherein upon close observation many parts of the future butterfly can be seen prior to the new skin hardening. As it hardens, the pupa takes on colors of its surroundings, providing it with excellent camouflage.
The pupal stage may last weeks, months, or even years, depending on temperature and the species of insect. [3] [4] For example, the pupal stage lasts eight to fifteen days in monarch butterflies. [5] The pupa may enter dormancy or diapause until the appropriate season to emerge as an adult insect.
Pupae complete their development in two to six days at 35 °C (95 °F), but may take 20 days or more at 14 °C (57 °F). [14] When metamorphosis is complete, the adult housefly emerges from the pupa. To do this, it uses the ptilinum, an eversible pouch on its head, to tear open the end of the pupal case. Having emerged from the pupa, it ceases ...
Water Beetles (Dytiscidae). a, Beetle (Cybister sp.); b, head of beetle with feelers and gunts (Agabus); c, larva (Larva of Dytiscus, Water Beetle); d, pupa (Pupa of Dytiscus). A water beetle is a generalized name for any beetle that is adapted to living in water at any point in its life cycle. Most water beetles can only live in fresh water ...
The naked pupa, often known as a chrysalis, usually hangs head down from the cremaster, a spiny pad at the posterior end, but in some species a silken girdle may be spun to keep the pupa in a head-up position. [41] Most of the tissues and cells of the larva are broken down inside the pupa, as the constituent material is rebuilt into the imago.
The pupa or "tumbler" can swim actively by flipping its abdomen. Like the larva, the pupa of most species must come to the surface frequently to breathe, which they do through a pair of respiratory trumpets on their cephalothoraxes. They do not feed; they pass much of their time hanging from the surface of the water by their respiratory trumpets.
Pupa Average Developmental Period (Days until emergence) Start of Fertility Body Length Hatching Weight Worker: up to Day 3 up to Day 9 Day 9 Day 10 until emergence (Day 11 or 12 last moult) 21 days (range: 18–22 days) N/A 12–15 mm nearly 100 mg