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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 29 January 2025. Subfamily of seabirds "Seagull" redirects here. For other uses, see Gull (disambiguation) and Seagull (disambiguation). Gull (commonly seagull) Temporal range: Early Oligocene – Present Adult European herring gull Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum ...
Colonies of over a million birds have been recorded, both in the tropics (such as Kiritimati in the Pacific) and in the polar latitudes (as in Antarctica). Seabird colonies occur exclusively for the purpose of breeding; non-breeding birds will only collect together outside the breeding season in areas where prey species are densely aggregated. [54]
Migrants tend to follow seacoasts and are usually observed flying singly. In groups, migrants are typically observed flying 100–200 m (330–660 ft) apart. On Kamchatka, most migrants are birds in transitional plumages. They are also occasionally seen flying over the northern ocean or perching on sea ice during the winter. [13] [41]
Western Gull in flight over the cliffs of Bodega Head. The western gull is a large gull that can measure 55 to 68 cm (22 to 27 in) in total length, spans 130 to 144 cm (51 to 57 in) across the wings, and weighs 800 to 1,400 g (1.8 to 3.1 lb). [3] [4] The average mass among a survey of 48 gulls of the species was 1,011 g (2.229 lb). [5]
A common pattern in North America is clockwise migration, where birds flying North tend to be further West, and flying South tend to shift Eastwards. Many, if not most, birds migrate in flocks. For larger birds, flying in flocks reduces the energy cost. Geese in a V formation may conserve 12–20% of the energy they would need to fly alone.
The great black-backed gull (Larus marinus) is the largest member of the gull family. It is a very aggressive hunter, pirate, and scavenger which breeds on the coasts and islands of the North Atlantic in northern Europe and northeastern North America.
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The Pacific gull (Larus pacificus) is a very large gull, native to the coasts of Australia.It is moderately common between Carnarvon in the west, and Sydney in the east, although it has become scarce in some parts of the south-east, as a result of competition from the kelp gull, which has "self-introduced" since the 1940s.