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Processes are often called "tasks" in embedded operating systems. The sense of "process" (or task) is "something that takes up time", as opposed to "memory", which is "something that takes up space". [b] The above description applies to both processes managed by an operating system, and processes as defined by process calculi.
A process is a program in execution, and an integral part of any modern-day operating system (OS). The OS must allocate resources to processes, enable processes to share and exchange information, protect the resources of each process from other processes and enable synchronization among processes.
A process moves into the running state when it is chosen for execution. The process's instructions are executed by one of the CPUs (or cores) of the system. There is at most one running process per CPU or core. A process can run in either of the two modes, namely kernel mode or user mode. [1] [2]
A real-time operating system is an operating system that guarantees to process events or data by or at a specific moment in time. Hard real-time systems require exact timing and are common in manufacturing , avionics , military, and other similar uses. [ 28 ]
In the sense of "unit of execution", in some operating systems, a task is synonymous with a process [citation needed], and in others with a thread [citation needed].In non-interactive execution (batch processing), a task is a unit of execution within a job, [1] [2] with the task itself typically a process.
The process scheduler is a part of the operating system that decides which process runs at a certain point in time. It usually has the ability to pause a running process, move it to the back of the running queue and start a new process; such a scheduler is known as a preemptive scheduler, otherwise it is a cooperative scheduler. [5]
A background process is a computer process that runs behind the scenes ... Windows services can be configured to start when the operating system starts, and to run in ...
In computer operating systems, a light-weight process (LWP) is a means of achieving multitasking. In the traditional meaning of the term, as used in Unix System V and Solaris , a LWP runs in user space on top of a single kernel thread and shares its address space and system resources with other LWPs within the same process .