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In many jurisdictions, there is a distinction made between "sane automatism" and "insane automatism". Where the involuntariness is caused by a mental illness, or "disease of the mind", as per the M'Naghten rules , it will be regarded as "insane automatism" and will often result in a special verdict of "not guilty by reason of insanity".
The terms mentalism, from "mental", and sanism, from "sane", have become established in some contexts, although concepts, such as social stigma, and, in some cases, ableism may be used in similar but not identical ways. While mentalism and sanism are used interchangeably, sanism is becoming predominant in certain circles, such as academics.
Sanity (from Latin: sānitās) refers to the soundness, rationality, and health of the human mind, as opposed to insanity.A person is sane if they are rational.In modern society, the term has become exclusively synonymous with compos mentis (Latin: compos, having mastery of, and Latin: mentis, mind), in contrast with non compos mentis, or insanity, meaning troubled conscience.
Geriatric psychology is a subfield of psychology that specializes in the mental and physical health of individuals in the later stages of life. These specialized psychologists study a variety of psychological abilities that deplete as aging occurs such as memory , learning capabilities, and coordination .
Automatism (law), a defense used in criminal law; Automatism (toxicology), when an individual repeatedly takes a medication because the individual forgets previous doses; Automatic writing, the process, or product, of writing material that does not come from the conscious thoughts of the writer; Surrealist automatism, an art technique
The idea of insanity in English law dates from 1324, when the Statute de Praerogativa Regis allowed the King to take the lands of "idiots and lunatics." The early law used various words, including "idiot", "fool" and "sot" to refer to those who had been insane since birth, [2] and "lunatic" for those who had later become insane, or were insane with some lucid intervals. [3]
When Dr. Oz sat Rachael Ray down for a blood pressure test during a segment of her show, he wasn't entirely pleased with the numbers he saw. In fact, he made her do it again -- and he called her ...
As sleepwalking behaviours occur without volition, sleepwalking can be used as a legal defense, as a form of legal automatism. [65] An individual can be accused of non-insane or insane automatism. [where?] The first is used as a defense for temporary insanity or involuntary conduct, resulting in acquittal. The latter results in a "special ...