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This is a list of state leaders in the 19th century (1801–1850) AD, except for the leaders within British south Asia and its predecessor states, and those leaders within the Holy Roman Empire. These polities are generally sovereign states , but excludes minor dependent territories , whose leaders can be found listed under territorial ...
The history of the United States from 1815 to 1849—also called the Middle Period, the Antebellum Era, or the Age of Jackson—involved westward expansion across the American continent, the proliferation of suffrage to nearly all white men, and the rise of the Second Party System of politics between Democrats and Whigs.
Jacksonian democracy was a 19th-century political philosophy in the United States that restructured a number of federal institutions. Originating with the seventh U.S. president , Andrew Jackson and his supporters, it became the nation's dominant political worldview for a generation.
Lists of state leaders in the 19th century include: List of state leaders in the 19th century (1801–1850) List of state leaders in the 19th century (1851–1900) List of state leaders in 19th-century British South Asia subsidiary states; List of state leaders in the 19th-century Holy Roman Empire; List of governors of dependent territories in ...
The American System was an economic plan that played an important role in American policy during the first half of the 19th century, rooted in the "American School" ideas of Alexander Hamilton. [ 1 ] A plan to strengthen and unify the nation, the American System was advanced by the Whig Party and a number of leading politicians including Henry ...
In the Gilded Age (late 19th century), the parties were reluctant to involve the federal government too heavily in the private sector, except in the area of railroads and tariffs. In general, they accepted the concept of laissez-faire , a doctrine opposing government interference in the economy except to maintain law and order.
The economy of the United States was not immune to the chaos that afflicted Europe, which contributed to the Panic of 1819. [6] [7] American manufacturers faced U.S. markets swamped with British products, produced by low-paid workers and priced well below competitive rates and forcing many factories out of business.
After 450 amendments, the Tariff Act of 1890 was passed and increased average duties across all imports from 38% to 49.5%. [4] McKinley was known as the "Napoleon of Protection", [5] and rates were raised on some goods and lowered on others, always in an attempt to protect American manufacturing interests.