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The enamel on primary teeth has a more opaque crystalline form and thus appears whiter than on permanent teeth. The large amount of mineral in enamel accounts not only for its strength but also for its brittleness. [6] Tooth enamel ranks 5 on Mohs hardness scale (between steel and titanium) and has a Young's modulus of 83 GPa. [4]
Tuftelin is an acidic phosphorylated glycoprotein found in tooth enamel. In humans, the tuftelin protein is encoded by the TUFT1 gene. [5] [6] It is an acidic protein that is thought to play a role in dental enamel mineralization and is implicated in caries susceptibility. It is also thought to be involved with adaptation to hypoxia ...
These situations would include small occlusal restorations, in which amalgam would require the removal of more sound tooth structure, [32] as well as in "enamel sites beyond the height of contour". [33] For cosmetic purposes, composite is preferred when a restoration is required on an immediately visible portion of a tooth.
Since enamel is semitranslucent, the color of dentin and any restorative dental material underneath the enamel strongly affects the appearance of a tooth. Enamel varies in thickness over the surface of the tooth and is often thickest at the cusp, up to 2.5mm, and thinnest at its border, which is seen clinically as the CEJ. [10]
The enamel on primary teeth has a more opaque crystalline form and thus appears whiter than on permanent teeth. The large amount of mineral in enamel accounts not only for its strength but also for its brittleness. [7] Tooth enamel ranks 5 on Mohs hardness scale and has a Young's modulus of 83 GPa. [5]
As conservation of tooth structure is a key ingredient in tooth preservation, many dentists prefer placing materials like composite instead of amalgam fillings whenever possible. Generally, composite fillings are used to fill a carious lesion involving highly visible areas (such as the central incisors or any other teeth that can be seen when ...
Enamelin is an enamel matrix protein (EMPs), that in humans is encoded by the ENAM gene. [5] [6] It is part of the non-amelogenins, which comprise 10% of the total enamel matrix proteins. [7] It is one of the key proteins thought to be involved in amelogenesis (enamel development).
This has been interpreted as researchers as evidence for the hominids chewing predominantly with their back teeth. [13] In addition, P. boisei possesses the thickest enamel of any hominid specimens found. [11] Despite such large back teeth, the incisors and canines were smaller than other species from the time. [12]