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The occipital lobe is one of the four major lobes of the cerebral cortex in the brain of mammals. The name derives from its position at the back of the head, from the Latin ob, 'behind', and caput, 'head'. The occipital lobe is the visual processing center of the mammalian brain containing most of the anatomical region of the visual cortex. [1]
Diagram of gyri of brain viewed on lateral hemisphere. Occipital gyri shown lower right. The border between the occipital lobe and the parietal and temporal lobes is characterized by different gyri: the superior occipital gyrus (also known as gyrus occipitalis superior), middle occipital gyrus (or gyrus occipitalis medius), inferior occipital gyrus (or gyrus occipitalis inferior), and ...
The parietal lobe is positioned above the occipital lobe and behind the frontal lobe and central sulcus.. The parietal lobe integrates sensory information among various modalities, including spatial sense and navigation (proprioception), the main sensory receptive area for the sense of touch (mechanoreception) in the somatosensory cortex which is just posterior to the central sulcus in the ...
The major sulci and gyri mark the divisions of the cerebrum into the lobes of the brain. The four major lobes are the frontal, parietal, occipital and temporal lobes. Other lobes are the limbic lobe, and the insular cortex often referred to as the insular lobe. There are between 14 and 16 billion neurons in the human cerebral cortex. [2]
Brodmann area 19, or BA 19, is part of the occipital lobe cortex in the human brain.Along with area 18, it comprises the extrastriate (or peristriate) cortex. In humans with normal sight, extrastriate cortex is a visual association area, with feature-extracting, shape recognition, attentional, and multimodal integrating functions.
Parietal lobe. Cortex Primary somatosensory cortex (S1) Secondary somatosensory cortex (S2) Posterior parietal cortex; Gyri. Postcentral gyrus (Primary somesthetic area) Other Precuneus; Brodmann areas 1, 2, 3 (Primary somesthetic area); 5, 7, 23, 26, 29, 31, 39, 40; Occipital lobe. Cortex Primary visual cortex (V1) V2; V3; V4; Gyri. Lateral ...
The inferior surface of the temporal lobe is concave, and is continuous posteriorly with the tentorial surface of the occipital lobe. It is traversed by the occipitotemporal sulcus, also known as the lateral occipitotemporal sulcus [2] which extends from near the occipital pole behind, to within a short distance of the temporal pole in front, but is frequently subdivided by bridging gyri.
In mammals, it is located in the posterior pole of the occipital lobe and is the simplest, earliest cortical visual area. It is highly specialized for processing information about static and moving objects and is excellent in pattern recognition. Moreover, V1 is characterized by a laminar organization, with six distinct layers, each playing a ...