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Maryland decision, prosecutors in the United States have a duty to disclose exculpatory evidence even if not requested to do so. While the prosecution is not required to search for exculpatory evidence and must disclose only the evidence in its possession, custody, or control, the prosecution's duty is to disclose all information known to any ...
The prosecutor must disclose exculpatory evidence known only to the police. That is, the prosecutor has a duty to reach out to the police and establish regular procedures by which the police inform the prosecutor's office of anything that tends to prove the innocence of the defendant. [6]
Giglio v. United States, 405 U.S. 150 (1972), is a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that the prosecution's failure to inform the jury that a witness had been promised not to be prosecuted in exchange for his testimony was a failure to fulfill the duty to present all material evidence to the jury, and constituted a violation of due process, requiring a new trial. [1]
Three months later, Agurs' attorney filed a motion for a new trial, alleging that (1) Sewell had a criminal record that tended to prove he was a violent person, (2) that the prosecution had failed to disclose Sewell's record to Agurs' counsel, and (3) Sewell's record was admissible even if Agurs did not know about his history. [1]
The prosecutor's right to demand discovery is not as broad as the defendant's, as it is limited by the defendant's Fifth Amendment protection against self-incrimination. [6] Once reciprocal discovery is invoked, information that a defendant must disclose upon a prosecutor's request typically includes: Witness lists, Exhibit lists,
The U.S. Bill of Rights. Article Three, Section Two, Clause Three of the United States Constitution provides that: . Trial of all Crimes, except in Cases of Impeachment, shall be by Jury; and such Trial shall be held in the State where the said Crimes shall have been committed; but when not committed within any State, the Trial shall be at such Place or Places as the Congress may by Law have ...
The prosecutor may decide not to prosecute a case that has the characteristics of a criminal case, and instead to dismiss the charges . [13] However, this does not prevent the initial suspect—and the victim who filed the complaint—from being registered in the System for Processing Recorded Offenses (STIC). [citation needed]
United States v. Williams, 504 U.S. 36 (1992), was a U.S. Supreme Court case concerning the presentation of exculpatory evidence to a grand jury.It ruled that the federal courts do not have the supervisory power to require prosecutors to present exculpatory evidence to the grand jury.