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Scientology is a set of beliefs and practices invented by the American author L. Ron Hubbard, and an associated movement. It is variously defined as a cult, a business, a religion, or a scam. [11] Hubbard initially developed a set of ideas that he called Dianetics, which he represented as a form of therapy.
A state achieved through Scientology auditing and above the level of clear on the Bridge. It is alleged to be a transcendental or supranatural state where a person has achieved "total freedom, complete knowingness, the meaning of life and death, and the meaning of the universe". [25]: 216 org board
The plaintiffs' contention that Scientology was a bona fide religion was supported by the two booklets on Scientology's "creeds". Scientology and the Bible contended that "Scientology is a religion in the oldest sense of the word, a study of wisdom. Scientology is a study of man as a spirit, in his relationship to life and the physical universe.
In 1973, the Church of Scientology of Sweden placed an advertisement for an E-meter in its periodical. The Consumer Ombudsman, acting upon complaints, requested the Market Court place an injunction prohibiting the use of certain passages in the advertisement, namely that it was "an invaluable aid to measuring man's mental state and changes in it".
[7] An injunction was quickly sought against the group and a no-picket zone was established in front of Scientology buildings. Church members and trust members were also ordered to keep 10 feet (3 meters) away from each other at all times. [8] In 2001 this injunction was expanded by a county judge.
In Church of Scientology of California v. Kaufman, it was noted that the defendant had been required to sign a waiver to the effect that "the Scientology Organization, its branches and members, and L. Ron Hubbard are not responsible for anything that might happen to my body or mind on OT III". [21] Within OT III is the secret doctrine of the ...
Hubbard's Scientology terminology consists of two types of terms: Existing terms given an additional Scientology definition. For instance, the word valence has various existing meanings in chemistry, linguistics, psychology and mathematics, generally referring to the capacity or value of something. Hubbard redefines it to mean "an identity ...
Scientology is in part derived from, and shares elements with, a number of esoteric or occult systems. The extent of the influence of specific occult belief systems on Scientology is a subject of debate amongst scholars. The eight-pointed Rose Cross, a symbol used in the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn.