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The retribution principle (often abbreviated RP) is a term used in Ancient Near East studies and Old Testament studies to refer to various forms of the belief that the righteous will prosper while the wicked will suffer.
Divine retribution is often portrayed in the Tanak or Old Testament. Genesis 3:14–24 – Curse upon Adam and Eve and expulsion from the Garden of Eden; Disobedience; Genesis 4:9–15 – Curse upon Cain after his slaying of his brother, Abel; Genesis 6–7 – The Great Flood; Rampant evil and Nephilim
The Hebrew Bible is the canonical collection of Hebrew scriptures and is the textual source for the Christian Old Testament.In addition to religious instruction, the collection chronicles a series of events that explain the origins and travels of the Hebrew peoples in the ancient Near East.
The Masoretic Text is the basis of modern Jewish and Christian bibles. While difficulties with biblical texts make it impossible to reach sure conclusions, perhaps the most widely held hypothesis is that it embodies an overall scheme of 4,000 years (a "great year") taking the re-dedication of the Temple by the Maccabees in 164 BCE as its end-point. [4]
Koch is best known for his assertion that the Old Testament wisdom literature has no concept of divine retribution. In his 1983 article, "Is there a Doctrine of Retribution in the Old Testament?", [ 4 ] Koch argued for a "deed-consequences" construct, in which human deeds have "automatic and inescapable consequences", meaning that Yahweh does ...
The creation of a literalist chronology of the Bible faces several hurdles, of which the following are the most significant: . There are different texts of the Jewish Bible, the major text-families being: the Septuagint, a Greek translation of the original Hebrew scriptures made in the last few centuries before Christ; the Masoretic text, a version of the Hebrew text curated by the Jewish ...
The Hebrew Bible (or Tanakh) consists of 24 books of the Masoretic Text recognized by Rabbinic Judaism. [14] There is no scholarly consensus as to when the Hebrew Bible canon was fixed, with some scholars arguing that it was fixed by the Hasmonean dynasty (140-40 BCE), [15] while others arguing that it was not fixed until the 2nd century CE or even later. [16]
These history books make up around half the total content of the Old Testament. Of the remainder, the books of the various prophets— Isaiah , Jeremiah , Ezekiel , and the twelve " minor prophets "—were written between the 8th and 6th centuries BC, with the exceptions of Jonah and Daniel , which were written much later. [ 23 ]