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The term free point is used to describe the delineating point between the stuck pipe and the free pipe in a pipe string. Every joint of pipe above the free point is free, meaning it can rotate freely and be moved in and out of the hole, provided it was not attached to the remaining joints of stuck pipe below the free point.
Free point: The highest point at which the drill pipe is "free" or not stuck. Free-point tools are designed to measure torque and stretch in tubing, casings, and drill pipes and to provide accurate free pipe indication. A common method which involves deploying a wireline device to estimate the depth at which the pipe string is stuck. The pipe ...
A diagram showing forces at work during differential sticking. The small black arrows represent pressure exerted on the drill pipe from the wellbore, the red arrows represent pressure exerted on the pipe from the formation (smaller than in the wellbore) and the large black arrow represents the net force on the pipe, which is pushing it into the wall.
Drill pipe makes up the majority of the drill string back up to the surface. Each drill pipe comprises a long tubular section with a specified outside diameter (e.g. 3 1/2 inch, 4 inch, 5 inch, 5 1/2 inch, 5 7/8 inch, 6 5/8 inch). At each end of the drill pipe, tubular larger-diameter portions called the tool joints are located.
Ophicleide (/ ˈ ɒ f ɪ k l aɪ d / OFF-ih-klyde) and Contra Ophicleide are powerful pipe organ reed pipes used as organ stops. The name comes from the early brass instrument, the ophicleide, forerunner of the euphonium. The Ophicleide is generally at 16 ft pitch, and the Contra Ophicleide at 32 ft.
The stability of the pipes is dependent on the head, and once this is larger than a critical value (0.3-0.5 of flow path length), the channel extends upstream. Beyond this, at any head greater than the critical value, erosion progresses until eventually, the pipes break through to the upstream reservoir, at which point a breach occurs.
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First-line treatment options are generally aimed at treating the underlying cause and include attempting to "pop" the ears, usually via the Valsalva maneuver, the use of oral or topical decongestants, oral steroids, oral antihistamines, and topical nasal steroid sprays, such as Flonase.