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Paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP) is an autoimmune disorder stemming from an underlying tumor. It is hypothesized that antigens associated with the tumor trigger an immune response resulting in blistering of the skin and mucous membranes .
Pemphigus vulgaris is a rare chronic blistering skin disease and the most common form of pemphigus.Pemphigus was derived from the Greek word pemphix, meaning blister. [1] It is classified as a type II hypersensitivity reaction in which antibodies are formed against desmosomes, components of the skin that function to keep certain layers of skin bound to each other.
Mucocutaneous pemphigus vulgaris: IgG: Desmoglein 3 Desmoglein 1: 130 160 Pemphigus foliaceus: IgG: Desmoglein 1: 160 Paraneoplastic pemphigus: IgG: Desmoglein 3 Desmoglein 1 BPAG1 [nb 1] Plectin Desmoplakin I [nb 2] Desmoplakin II Envoplakin Periplakin Alpha-2-macroglobulin-like-1: 130 160 230 500 250 210 210 190 170 Drug-induced pemphigus ...
The tissue is skin from a patient with Pemphigus vulgaris. Note the intercellular IgG deposits in the epidermis and the early intraepidermal vesicle caused by acantholysis. Pemphigus (/ ˈ p ɛ m f ɪ ɡ ə s / or / p ɛ m ˈ f aɪ ɡ ə s /) is a rare group of blistering autoimmune diseases that affect the skin and mucous membranes. [1]
Substrates used in indirect immunofluorescence studies for the different pemphigus variants Pemphigus variant Substrate Pemphigus foliaceous: Guinea pig esophagus Pemphigus vulgaris: Monkey esophagus IgA pemphigus: Cultured skin Paraneoplastic pemphigus: Rat bladder
Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) refers to particular changes that can occur in the skin that covers the vulva. VIN is an intraepithelial neoplasia , and can disappear without treatment. VINs are benign but if the changes become more severe, there is a chance of cancer developing after many years, and so it is referred to as a ...
Vulvar cancer accounts for about 5% of all gynecological cancers and typically affects women in later life. Five-year survival rates in the United States are around 70%. [1] Symptoms of vulvar cancer include itching, a lump or sore on the vulva which does not heal and/or grows larger, and sometimes discomfort/pain/swelling in the vulval area.
[6] [1] Nikolsky's sign (gentle lateral pressure) on unaffected mucosa or skin raises a bulla. If no lesions are present on examination it may be useful way of demonstrating reduced epithelial adhesion. In contrast, in Pemphigus, the epithelium tends to disintegrate rather than form a bulla.