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The title was retained on 31 August 1963 when Singapore declared independence from the United Kingdom and accession to Malaysia as a state on 16 September 1963 (not to be confused with the Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Sabah). The officeholder then acted as the vice-regal representative of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia. [2]
Yang di-Pertuan may refer to: Yang di-Pertuan Agong, constitutional monarch and head of state of Malaysia; Yang di-Pertuan Besar, a royal title; Yang di-Pertuan Negara, a title for the head of state in certain Malay-speaking countries
Yang di-Pertuan Agong in literal English is 'He who is made Supreme Lord'. It is an archaic term for a presiding head which is Yang di-Pertuan or literally means 'One who is made lord'. "Agong" (or Agung in standard Malay) means 'supreme'. The term Agong is not translated, as in the Constitution of Malaysia.
When Singapore was expelled from Malaysia to become an independent republic, the office of Yang di-Pertuan Negara was eventually replaced with the office of President. Since 1976, the style of name for the heads of state of Penang, Malacca, Sabah and Sarawak were made uniform by titling it as Yang di-Pertua Negeri.
Other historical figures, especially the monarchs of the ancient Johor Empire (c. 17th–19th century), had the title used to differentiate from the "Yang di-Pertuan Muda" ("Under King"), who was usually Bugis rather than Malay. However, this was a secondary title, with the primary title being sultan.
The president of the Senate (Malay: Yang di-Pertua Dewan Negara; Jawi: يڠ دڤرتوا ديوان نڬارا ) is the presiding officer or speaker of the Dewan Negara, the upper house of the Parliament of Malaysia. The president of the Senate is created under Article 56 of the Constitution of Malaysia.
Yang di-Pertuan Agong I r. 1957-1960: Hisamuddin Yang di-Pertuan Agong II r. 1960: Syed Putra Yang di-Pertuan Agong III r. 1960-1965: Ismail Nasiruddin Yang di-Pertuan Agong IV r. 1965-1970: Abdul Halim Yang di-Pertuan Agong V r. 1970-1975 Yang di-Pertuan Agong XIV r. 2011-2016: Yahya Petra Yang di-Pertuan Agong VI r. 1975-1979: Ahmad Shah Yang ...
The Yang di-Pertuan Agong is elected by the Conference of Rulers, comprising the nine rulers of the Malay states, with the office de facto rotated between them, making Malaysia one of the world's few elective monarchies. In accordance with Article 41 of the Constitution, the Yang di-Pertuan Agong is Commander-in-Chief of the Malaysian Armed Forces.