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The Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) is a map projection system for assigning coordinates to locations on the surface of the Earth. Like the traditional method of latitude and longitude , it is a horizontal position representation , which means it ignores altitude and treats the earth surface as a perfect ellipsoid .
Near the equator, the columns of UTM zone 1 have the letters A–H, the columns of UTM zone 2 have the letters J–R (omitting O), and the columns of UTM zone 3 have the letters S–Z. At zone 4, the column letters start over from A, and so on around the world. For the row letters, there are actually two alternative lettering schemes within MGRS:
Coordinate conversion is composed of a number of different types of conversion: format change of geographic coordinates, conversion of coordinate systems, or transformation to different geodetic datums. Geographic coordinate conversion has applications in cartography, surveying, navigation and geographic information systems.
A projected coordinate system – also called a projected coordinate reference system, planar coordinate system, or grid reference system – is a type of spatial reference system that represents locations on Earth using Cartesian coordinates (x, y) on a planar surface created by a particular map projection. [1]
The universal polar stereographic (UPS) coordinate system is used in conjunction with the universal transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinate system to locate positions on the surface of the Earth. Like the UTM coordinate system, the UPS coordinate system uses a metric-based cartesian grid laid out on a conformally projected surface.
The transverse version is widely used in national and international mapping systems around the world, including the Universal Transverse Mercator. When paired with a suitable geodetic datum , the transverse Mercator delivers high accuracy in zones less than a few degrees in east-west extent.
NOAA provides a converter between the two systems. [12] The practical impact is that if you use a modern GPS device set to work in NAD 83 or WGS 84 to navigate to NAD 27 coordinates (as from a topo map) near Seattle , you would be off by about 95 meters (not far enough west), and you'd be about 47 meters off near Miami (not far enough north ...
default conversion combinations SI: square kilometre: km2 Q712226: km 2: US spelling: square kilometer: 1.0 km 2 (0.39 sq mi) km2 sqmi; square hectometre: hm2 Q35852: hm 2: US spelling: square hectometer: 1.0 hm 2 (2.5 acres) square decametre: dam2 Q23931040: dam 2: US spelling: square dekameter: 1.0 dam 2 (1,100 sq ft) square metre: m2 Q25343 ...
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