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For safety and efficiency, divers may need to communicate with others diving with them, or with their surface support team. The interface between air and water is an effective barrier to direct sound transmission, [9] and the natural water surface is also a barrier to visual communication across the interface due to internal reflection, particularly when not perfectly smooth.
Communication is central to buddy and team diving. DIR divers must be competent at underwater communication by hand signals and light signals, and to use them to ensure that they are always aware of the status of the rest of the team. DIR divers have an extended range of hand signals, some particularly relevant to overhead and decompression diving.
Technical diver during a decompression stop. There is some professional disagreement as to what exactly technical diving encompasses. [10] [11] [12] It is an arbitrary distinction, and the line has been drawn in different places by different organisations, and has shifted on a few occasions.
Dive signal for out-of-air emergency. In emergencies when a diver runs out of air in the cylinder in current use, and when there is no buddy around to donate air, the use of a redundant air supply (such as independent twins or a pony bottle), allows a diver to perform an ascent in a controlled manner, breathing as normal. [8]
A system recommended by some organisations, mostly those involved in technical diving (GUE, [24] CMAS-ISA, other tech and cave diving groups) is to equip the regulator normally used throughout the dive (the "primary") with a long hose, typically 1.5 to 2 metres (5 to 7 ft) long, proportional to the height of the diver. This is the regulator ...
This is a glossary of technical terms, jargon, diver slang and acronyms used in underwater diving. The definitions listed are in the context of underwater diving. There may be other meanings in other contexts. Underwater diving can be described as a human activity – intentional, purposive, conscious and subjectively meaningful sequence of ...
Scuba diving education levels as used by ISO, PADI, CMAS, SSI and NAUI This class of certification covers competence to dive within the scope of what is generally considered recreational open water diving , with no planned decompression obligations, a single air or nitrox breathing gas and relying on the buddy system or a dive leader for ...
Buddy breathing is a rescue technique used in scuba diving "out-of-gas" emergencies, when two divers share one demand valve, alternately breathing from it.Techniques have been developed for buddy breathing from both twin-hose and single hose regulators, but to a large extent it has been superseded by safer and more reliable techniques using additional equipment, such as the use of a bailout ...