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Ammonia solution, also known as ammonia water, ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, ammonia liquor, aqua ammonia, aqueous ammonia, or (inaccurately) ammonia, is a solution of ammonia in water. It can be denoted by the symbols NH 3 (aq). Although the name ammonium hydroxide suggests a salt with the composition [NH + 4][OH −
Apart from these remarkable solutions, much of the chemistry in liquid ammonia can be classified by analogy with related reactions in aqueous solutions. Comparison of the physical properties of NH 3 with those of water shows NH 3 has the lower melting point, boiling point, density, viscosity, dielectric constant and electrical conductivity.
2), and water (H 2 O). A reductant, typically anhydrous ammonia (NH 3), aqueous ammonia (NH 4 OH), or a urea (CO(NH 2) 2) solution, is added to a stream of flue or exhaust gas and is reacted onto a catalyst. As the reaction drives toward completion, nitrogen (N 2), and carbon dioxide (CO 2), in the case of urea use, are produced. Selective ...
Ammonium is a modified form of ammonia that has an extra hydrogen atom. It is a positively charged molecular ion with the chemical formula NH + 4 or [NH 4] +.It is formed by the addition of a proton (a hydrogen nucleus) to ammonia (NH 3).
[4] [5] [6] The Haber process can be combined with steam reforming to produce ammonia with just three chemical inputs: water, natural gas, and atmospheric nitrogen. Both Haber and Bosch were eventually awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry : Haber in 1918 for ammonia synthesis specifically, and Bosch in 1931 for related contributions to high ...
Dichlorosilane, or DCS as it is commonly known, is a chemical compound with the formula H 2 SiCl 2. In its major use, it is mixed with ammonia (NH 3) in LPCVD chambers to grow silicon nitride in semiconductor processing. A higher concentration of DCS·NH 3 (i.e. 16:1), usually results in lower stress nitride films.
Hydroxylammonium chloride is a chemical compound with the formula [NH 3 OH] + Cl −.It is the hydrochloric acid salt of hydroxylamine (NH 2 OH).Hydroxylamine is a biological intermediate in nitrification (biological oxidation of ammonia with oxygen into nitrite) and in anammox (biological oxidation of nitrite and ammonium into dinitrogen gas) which are important in the nitrogen cycle in soil ...
The classic example of a dehydration reaction is the Fischer esterification, which involves treating a carboxylic acid with an alcohol to give an ester RCO 2 H + R′OH ⇌ RCO 2 R′ + H 2 O. Often such reactions require the presence of a dehydrating agent, i.e. a substance that reacts with water.