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Hunger is a sensation that motivates the consumption of food. The sensation of hunger typically manifests after only a few hours without eating and is generally considered to be unpleasant. Satiety occurs between 5 and 20 minutes after eating. [1] There are several theories about how the feeling of hunger arises. [2]
The clock neurones are located in distinct clusters in the central brain. The best-understood clock neurones are the large and small lateral ventral neurons (l-LNvs and s-LNvs) of the optic lobe. These neurones produce pigment dispersing factor (PDF), a neuropeptide that acts as a circadian neuromodulator between different clock neurones. [71]
Circadian clock, a molecular mechanism that results in a circadian rhythm in a living organism; Circadian rhythm, biological process that displays an oscillation about 24 hours, such as the human sleep-wake cycle (the "body clock") Epigenetic clock, a set of DNA sites whose methylation levels can be used to measure aging throughout the body
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In vertebrates, the master circadian clock is contained within the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), a bilateral nerve cluster of about 20,000 neurons. [10] [11] The SCN itself is located in the hypothalamus, a small region of the brain situated directly above the optic chiasm, where it receives input from specialized photosensitive ganglion cells in the retina via the retinohypothalamic tract.
Overview, including some physiological parameters, of the human circadian rhythm ("biological clock"). Chronobiology is a field of biology that examines timing processes, including periodic (cyclic) phenomena in living organisms, such as their adaptation to solar- and lunar-related rhythms. [1] These cycles are known as biological rhythms.
The diet may help lower your biological age and reduce your risk of age-related diseases—without drastically changing your eating habits. A 5-day, fast-like diet could lower your biological age ...
Any biological process in the body that repeats itself over a period of approximately 24 hours and maintains this rhythm in the absence of external stimuli is considered a circadian rhythm. [4] It is believed that the brain's suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), or internal pacemaker, is responsible for regulating the body's biological rhythms ...