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Neurology (from Greek: νεῦρον (neûron), "string, nerve" and the suffix -logia, "study of") is the branch of medicine dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of all categories of conditions and disease involving the nervous system, which comprises the brain, the spinal cord and the peripheral nerves. [1]
This is a list of major and frequently observed neurological disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease), symptoms (e.g., back pain), signs (e.g., aphasia) and syndromes (e.g., Aicardi syndrome). There is disagreement over the definitions and criteria used to delineate various disorders and whether some of these conditions should be classified as ...
Some terms are used more commonly in neuroanatomy, particularly: Rostral and caudal: In animals with linear nervous systems, the term rostral (from the Latin rostrum, meaning "beak") is synonymous with anterior and the term caudal (from the Latin cauda, meaning "tail") is synonymous with posterior.
The term geriatrics comes from the Greek γέρων geron meaning "old man", and ιατρός iatros meaning "healer". However, geriatrics is sometimes called medical gerontology. Gonad – A gonad, sex gland, or reproductive gland [193] is a mixed gland that produces the gametes (sex cells) and sex hormones of an organism.
Focal neurological deficits may be caused by a variety of medical conditions such as head trauma, [1] tumors or stroke; or by various diseases such as meningitis or encephalitis or as a side effect of certain medications such as those used in anesthesia. [2] Neurological soft signs are a group of non-focal neurologic signs. [3]
Micrograph of a vasculitic neuropathy.Plastic embedded. Toluidine blue stain.. Neuropathology is the study of disease of nervous system tissue, usually in the form of either small surgical biopsies or whole-body autopsies.
Neurological disorders represent a complex array of medical conditions that fundamentally disrupt the functioning of the nervous system. These disorders affect the brain, spinal cord , and nerve networks, presenting unique diagnosis, treatment, and patient care challenges.
An aura is a perceptual disturbance experienced by some with epilepsy or migraine.An epileptic aura is actually a minor seizure. [1]Epileptic and migraine auras are due to the involvement of specific areas of the brain, which are those that determine the symptoms of the aura.