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A wargame does not involve the use of actual troops and armaments. This definition is used by the US Naval War College. [3] Some writers use the term "live wargames" to refer to games that use actual troops in the field, [4] but this article shall instead refer to these as field exercises. A wargame is about tactical or strategic decision-making.
In 1980, as wargame publishers turned to computer-based games, Dunnigan wrote The Complete Wargames Handbook, a book about wargaming, including information about how to play, design, and find copies of wargames. [2] The book is divided into nine chapters, preceded by an introduction and followed by appendices and a bibliography. The chapters cover:
A wargame is a strategy game in which two or more players command opposing armed forces in a simulation of an armed conflict. [1] Wargaming may be played for recreation, to train military officers in the art of strategic thinking, or to study the nature of potential conflicts.
The Complete Wargames Handbook shows sales of wargames (historical only) peaking in 1980 at 2.2 million, and tapering off to 400,000 in 1991. [16] It also estimates a peak of about a few hundred thousand (again, historical) board wargamers in the U.S. in 1980, with about as many more in the rest of the world; the estimate for 1991 is about ...
A hex map, hex board, or hex grid is a game board design commonly used in simulation games of all scales, including wargames, role-playing games, and strategy games in both board games and video games. A hex map is subdivided into a hexagonal tiling, small regular hexagons of identical size.
Most miniature wargames do not have a fixed time scale (i.e. how many seconds a turn represents). Most wargame rulebooks instead prefer to define how far a unit can move in a turn, and this movement range is proportioned to the size of a typical game table. For example, Bolt Action sets a movement range of six inches in a turn for most units.
In board wargames, a zone of control (ZOC) is the area directly adjacent to certain combat forces that affects the movement and actions of enemy combat units. In hexagonal tiled maps , a combat unit's zone of control is the six hexagons adjacent to the hexagon occupied by a unit.
Tactical wargames offer more of a challenge to the designer, as fewer variables or characteristics inherent in the units being simulated are directly quantifiable. Modern commercial board wargaming avoided tactical subjects for many years, but since initial attempts at the subject appeared, it has remained a favourite topic among wargamers.