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The average duration of the day-night cycle on Mars — i.e., a Martian day — is 24 hours, 39 minutes and 35.244 seconds, [3] equivalent to 1.02749125 Earth days. [4] The sidereal rotational period of Mars—its rotation compared to the fixed stars—is 24 hours, 37 minutes and 22.66 seconds. [4]
Summary of Mars mission clocks and sol counts Mission Ref. long. Clock offset Type Epoch (LT) Pathfinder (1997) 33.25°W AAT-02:13:01 LTST Sol 1 = MSD 43905 Spirit (2004) 165.01°E AMT+11:00:04 HLST Sol 1 = MSD 46216 Opportunity (2004) 15.28°W AMT-01:01:06 HLST Sol 1 = MSD 46236 Phoenix (2008) 126.65°W AMT-08:26:36 LMST Sol 0 = MSD 47776 ...
Careful observations of the 1769 transit of Venus allowed astronomers to calculate the average Earth–Sun distance as 93,726,900 miles (150,838,800 km), only 0.8% greater than the modern value. [293] Uranus, having occasionally been observed since 1690 and possibly from antiquity, was recognized to be a planet orbiting beyond Saturn by 1783. [294]
Mars hosts many enormous extinct volcanoes (the tallest is Olympus Mons, 21.9 km or 13.6 mi tall) and one of the largest canyons in the Solar System (Valles Marineris, 4,000 km or 2,500 mi long). Geologically, the planet is fairly active with marsquakes trembling underneath the ground, dust devils sweeping across the landscape, and cirrus clouds.
Parts-per-million chart of the relative mass distribution of the Solar System, each cubelet denoting 2 × 10 24 kg. This article includes a list of the most massive known objects of the Solar System and partial lists of smaller objects by observed mean radius.
And we're about to witness Mars reaching opposition in 2025. Even though we can’t hop into a rocket and fly into the galaxy, luckily there are moments when the planets seem to reach out to us ...
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It is based on the product of the count of Earth days past and the ratio of the length of Earth's solar day length (86400 seconds) with a Mars solar day (88775.24409 seconds), rounded to the nearest sol. That ratio comes from technical notes on time keeping on Mars from NASA's Goddard Spaceflight Center. [1] To use, type: