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The median nerve is a nerve in humans and other animals in the upper limb. It is one of the five main nerves originating from the brachial plexus.. The median nerve originates from the lateral and medial cords of the brachial plexus, [1] and has contributions from ventral roots of C6-C7 (lateral cord) and C8 and T1 (medial cord).
Median nerve palsy is often caused by deep, penetrating injuries to the arm, forearm, or wrist. It may also occur from blunt force trauma or neuropathy. [2] Median nerve palsy can be separated into 2 subsections—high and low median nerve palsy. High MNP involves lesions at the elbow and forearm areas.
The recurrent branch of the median nerve is also colloquially called the "Million Dollar Nerve", because injury to this nerve during carpal tunnel surgery can lead to a million dollar lawsuit. Injury to this nerve can lead to loss of function of the thumb. Such injury can happen if the flexor retinaculum is transected too radially. The ...
The lateral root of median nerve is a source of the median nerve, originating off the lateral cord of the brachial plexus. [1] It is typically one of two nerve roots forming the median nerve, the other being the medial root, [1] although anatomical variations in which the median nerve instead has three or four nerve roots have been described in medical literature.
In the palm of the hand, the median nerve is covered by the skin and the palmar aponeurosis, and rests on the tendons of the Flexor muscles.Immediately after emerging from under the transverse carpal ligament the median nerve becomes enlarged and flattened and splits into a smaller, lateral, and a larger, medial portion.
Unlike most of the median nerve innervation of the hand, the palmar branch travels superficial to the Flexor retinaculum of the hand. Therefore, this portion of the median nerve usually remains functioning during carpal tunnel syndrome. [1]
Compression of the median nerve in the region of the elbow or proximal part of the forearm can cause pain and/or numbness in the distribution of the distal median nerve, and weakness of the muscles innervated by the anterior interosseous nerve: the flexor pollicis longus ("FPL"), the flexor digitorum profundus of the index finger ("FDP IF"), and the pronator quadratus ("PQ").
A branch of the median nerve, the anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) can be affected by either direct penetrating injury, possibly compression in a fashion similar to carpal tunnel syndrome, but most commonly an idiopathic inflammatory process (referred to an Anterior Interosseous Syndrome). As might be expected, the symptoms involve weakness in ...