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A subquery can use values from the outer query, in which case it is known as a correlated subquery. Since 1999 the SQL standard allows WITH clauses, i.e. named subqueries often called common table expressions (named and designed after the IBM DB2 version 2 implementation; Oracle calls these subquery factoring).
See MSDN documentation [2] or IBM documentation [13] [14] for tutorial examples. The RECURSIVE keyword is not usually needed after WITH in systems other than PostgreSQL. [15] In SQL:1999 a recursive (CTE) query may appear anywhere a query is allowed. It's possible, for example, to name the result using CREATE [RECURSIVE] VIEW. [16]
SQL includes operators and functions for calculating values on stored values. SQL allows the use of expressions in the select list to project data, as in the following example, which returns a list of books that cost more than 100.00 with an additional sales_tax column containing a sales tax figure calculated at 6% of the price.
In a SQL database query, a correlated subquery (also known as a synchronized subquery) is a subquery (a query nested inside another query) that uses values from the outer query. This can have major impact on performance because the correlated subquery might get recomputed every time for each row of the outer query is processed.
In computing, a materialized view is a database object that contains the results of a query.For example, it may be a local copy of data located remotely, or may be a subset of the rows and/or columns of a table or join result, or may be a summary using an aggregate function.
In the context of Oracle Databases, a schema object is a logical data storage structure. [4] An Oracle database associates a separate schema with each database user. [5] A schema comprises a collection of schema objects. Examples of schema objects include: tables; views; sequences; synonyms; indexes; clusters; database links; snapshots ...
Query by Example (QBE) is a database query language for relational databases. It was devised by Moshé M. Zloof at IBM Research during the mid-1970s, in parallel to the development of SQL . [ 1 ] It is the first graphical query language, using visual tables where the user would enter commands, example elements and conditions.
In SQL, a window function or analytic function [1] is a function which uses values from one or multiple rows to return a value for each row. (This contrasts with an aggregate function, which returns a single value for multiple rows.) Window functions have an OVER clause; any function without an OVER clause is not a window function, but rather ...